Fig 1.
The schematic diagram of the computer program.
Fig 2.
Structural representation of the single-slope tunnel pipeline in oil and gas engineering.
Fig 3.
Engineering model of the slope tunnel pipeline.
Fig 4.
Simplified model of the elbow.
Fig 5.
Mechanical model after simplification.
Fig 6.
Internal force of the elbow structure at the entrance and the exit.
Fig 7.
Statically indeterminate mechanical model of the elbow structure at the entrance and the exit.
Fig 8.
Elbow structure established by applying unit force to the entrance and the exit.
Fig 9.
Calculation of M and Q values after pipeline flexure deformation.
Fig 10.
Integral engineering model of the slope tunnel pipeline.
Fig 11.
Local engineering model in and out of the opening.
Table 1.
Results for push force of anchor block at the tunnel entrance when the tunnel gradient varies.
Table 2.
Results for the anchor block push force at the tunnel exit when the tunnel gradient varies.
Table 3.
Comparison of anchor block push forces under the operating condition at the tunnel entrance.
Table 4.
Comparison of anchor block push force under the operating condition at the tunnel exit.
Fig 12.
Block push force results with a pipeline diameter of 1016 mm.
Fig 13.
Block push force results with a pipeline diameter of 1219 mm.
Fig 14.
Anchor blocks at entrances.
Fig 15.
Anchor blocks at exits.
Fig 16.
Concrete sliding blocks.
Fig 17.
Steel sliding blocks.
Fig 18.
Tunnels.
Fig 19.
Pipelines.
Fig 20.
Fixed pipelines.
Fig 21.
Unfixed pipelines.