Table 1.
Walnut shell biochar and soil (Yolo silt loam) physicochemical properties.
Fig 1.
Temperature and precipitation data from May 2010 to October 2012 in Winters, CA, USA.
Data is obtained from the California Irrigation Management Information System (CIMIS).
Fig 2.
Illustration of the bioenergy-biochar production chain in a walnut farm and processing facility and the CO2 abatements and emissions associated to these activities.
Table 2.
Cumulative CO2–C and N2O-N emissions by sampling year from both tree and tractor rows of a walnut orchard in Winters, CA, USA.
Shown in parentheses is ± one standard error (n = 3). None of the treatments significantly altered the cumulative CO2–C and N2O-N emissions at p < 0.05.
Fig 3.
Distribution of sampling gas fluxes across the different ranges of water-filled pore space during 29 months of observations (June 2010 to October 2012).
Error bars indicate standard deviation (n = 3).