Fig 1.
The illustration of relative pollen release height between a pollen donor and recipient under the consideration of updraft pollen grains.
The left panel indicates the relative pollen release height of monoclinous plants and the right panel indicates the relative pollen release height of diclinous plants.
Table 1.
Detail information of the five sets of gene flow data from experimental fields used for the validation of the modified model.
Fig 2.
Relationships of crop-to-wild gene flow between field experiments (empty circles) and model-based simulation (solid curves) in rice (Oryza sativa, O. rufipogon) at various spatial distances.
(A) Field experiment data from the site in Guangzhou. (B) Field experiment data from the site in Sanya [41]. Logarithmic coordinate axes (y-axis) were applied to indicate the gene flow frequencies.
Fig 3.
Relationships of crop-to-crop gene flow between field experiments (empty circles) and model-based simulation (solid curves) in wheat (Triticum aestivum) at various spatial distances.
(A) Field experiment data collected in 2000. (B) Field experiment data collected in 2001 [42]. Logarithmic coordinate axes (y-axis) were applied to indicate the gene flow frequencies.
Fig 4.
Relationships of crop-to-crop gene flow between field experiments (empty circles) and model-based simulation (solid curves) in maize (Zea mays) at various spatial distances.
A. Field experiment data collected in 2006. (B) field experiment data collected in 2007 [43]. Logarithmic coordinate axes (y-axis) were applied to indicate the gene flow frequencies.
Fig 5.
Relationships of crop-to-crop gene flow between field experiments (empty circles) and model-based simulation (solid curves) in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) at various spatial distances.
(A) Field experiment data collected in 2008. (B) Field experiment data collected in 2009 [44]. Logarithmic coordinate axes (y-axis) were applied to indicate the gene flow frequencies.
Fig 6.
Relationships of canola (Brassica napus) to mustard (B. juncea) gene flow between field experiments (empty circles) and model-based simulation (solid curves) at various spatial distances.
(A) Field experiment data collected at the site 1. (B) Field experiment data collected at the site 2 [45]. Logarithmic coordinate axes (y-axis) were applied to indicate the gene flow frequencies.