Fig 1.
Flowchart illustrating sampling flow.
Fig 2.
Strategy employed for de novo assembly, annotation and expression studies (SOLiD: Sequencing by Oligonucleotide Ligation and Detection; CD-HIT: Cluster Database at High Identity with Tolerance; GO: Gene Ontology; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; PRGdb: Plant Resistant Gene Database; PlantTFdb: Plant Transcription Factor Database; LRR: Leucine-Rich Repeats; SyMap: Synteny Mapping and Analysis Program; HMM: Hidden Markov model).
Table 1.
Summary of SOLiD SAGE data and mapping to Puccinia transcripts.
Fig 3.
Effect of different k-mer sizes on total number of contigs in the four libraries.
Fig 4.
Comparative view of distribution of contigs on the basis of length in four libraries.
Table 2.
Summary of de novo assemblies of individual library.
Table 3.
Summary of Blast2GO.
Fig 5.
Abundance distribution of transcription factor families in all four libraries.
Table 4.
Distribution of LRR families and NB-ARC domain in the four libraries.
Fig 6.
Comparative analyses of Triticum aestivum contigs against rice and maize genome.
Fig 6A. The SyMAP analysis of Triticum aestivum contig blocks against rice genome. The Triticum aestivum contigs were first aligned to 12 rice chromosomes based on MUMmer analysis to generate rice wheat synteny contig blocks. Fig 6B. Triticum aestivum contig blocks were aligned against 10 maize chromosome based on MuMmer analysis to generate maize wheat synteny contig blocks. Evidence of ancient relationship can be observed when the rice and maize chromosome is aligned with wheat contig blocks as highlighted by colored lines in the two genomes.
Fig 7.
Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses of 4 selected LRR-RLK.
Leaf tissues were used for both inoculated and mock inoculated plants of resistant and susceptible NILs at 0, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hpi. Mock inoculated susceptible plants at 0 hpi was used as calibrator. Relative gene quantification was calculated by comparative ΔΔCT method. GAPDH expression level was used as internal reference gene and mean ± SD of data from three biological replicates was plotted.
Fig 8.
Plants identify pathogen-associated molecular patterns and utilizes extracellular leucine-rich repeat (LRR) receptors for elicitor recognition.
Subsequently, serine/threonine kinases activate mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) for signal relay. NBS-LRR class of R genes in plants are divided into two subfamilies: Toll interleukin 1-like receptor (TIR-NBS-LRR) and coiled-coil (CC-NBS-LRR) based on the N-terminus domain carrying the nucleotide binding site (NBS) domain and leucine-rich repeats (LRR) respectively. TIR-NBS-LRRs homologues are rare in monocots. The NBS domain is highly conserved and is utilized to hydrolyze ATP or GTP and the LRR motif is concerned with protein-protein interactions and is responsible for recognition specificity.