Fig 1.
Geographic distribution of needle nematodes of the genus Longidorus in the present fieldworks on wild and cultivated olive in southern Spain.
This map may be similar but not identical to other published maps of Andalusia and is therefore for illustrative purposes only on the sampling sites.
Table 1.
Taxa sampled for Longidorus species and sequences used in this study.
Table 2.
Soil nematode population density (number of specimens) and prevalence (%) of Longidorus spp. in wild and cultivated olives in provinces of Andalusia, southern Spain.a
Fig 2.
Line drawings of Longidorus indalus sp. nov.
A) Pharyngeal region. B, C) Details of lip region. D) Vulval region. E-G) Female tails. H) Male tail. I) First-stage juvenile tail (J1).
Fig 3.
Light micrographs of Longidorus indalus sp. nov., female paratypes, male and juvenile stages.
A) Olive apical galled roots infected by the nematode. B–E) Female anterior regions. F) Detail of odontostyle and odontophore. G) Vulval region. H-K) Female tails. L, M) Male tail with detail of spicules. N-Q) First-, second-, third-, and fourth-stage juvenile (J1–J4) tails, respectively. Abbreviations: a = anus; gr = guiding-ring; odt = odontostyle; odp = odontophore; lp = lateral accessory piece; spl = ventromedian supplements; v = vulva. Scale bars B, C, F = 10 μm; D, E, G-Q = 20 μm.
Fig 4.
Relationship between body length and functional and replacement odontostyle (Ost and rOst, respectively) length in all developmental stages from first-stage juveniles (J1) to mature females of.
A) Longidorus indalus sp. nov. B) Longidorus macrodorus sp. nov. C) Longidorus onubensis sp. nov. D) Longidorus silvestris sp. nov. E) Longidorus vallensis sp. nov. F) Longidorus wicuolea sp. nov.
Table 3.
Morphometrics of females, males and juvenile stages of Longidorus indalus sp. nov. from the rhizosphere of cultivated and wild olives at several localities (Almería province) southern Spaina.
Table 4.
Morphometrics of females, males and juvenile stages of Longidorus indalus sp. nov. from the rhizosphere of cultivated and wild olives at several localities (Almería and Granada provinces) southern Spaina.
Table 5.
Identity matrix, percentage (%) of identical residues between (indels included) rDNA sequences amongst Longidorus species.
Above diagonal D2–D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA and below diagonal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region*.
Fig 5.
Line drawings of Longidorus macrodorus sp. nov., female paratypes, male and first-stage juvenile.
A) Pharyngeal region. B, C) Details of lip region. D) Vulval region. E-F) Female tails. G) Male tail. H) First-stage juvenile tail (J1).
Fig 6.
Light micrographs of Longidorus macrodorus sp. nov., female paratypes, male and juvenile stages.
A) Pharyngeal region. B–D) Female anterior regions. E) Detail of basal bulb. F) Vulval region. H-J) Female tails. K, L) Male tail with detail of spicules. M-P) First-, second-, third-, and fourth-stage juvenile (J1–J4) tails, respectively. Abbreviations: a = anus; af = amphidial fovea; dn = dorsal nucleus; spl = ventromedian supplements; svn = subventral nucleus. Scale bars A, K = 100 μm; B-J, L-P = 20 μm.
Table 6.
Morphometrics of females, males and juvenile stages of Longidorus macrodorus sp. nov. from the rhizosphere of cultivated olive at La Grajuela (Córdoba province) southern Spaina.
Fig 7.
Line drawings of Longidorus onubensis sp. nov., female paratypes, male and first-stage juvenile.
A) Pharyngeal region. B, C) Details of lip region. D) Vulval region. E, F) Female tail. G) Male tail. H) First-stage juvenile tail (J1).
Fig 8.
Light micrographs of Longidorus onubensis sp. nov., female paratypes, male and juvenile stages.
A) Pharyngeal region. B) Female anterior region. C-F) Female lip regions. G) Detail of basal bulb. H-J) Female tails. K, L) Male tail with detail of spicules. M-P) First-, second-, third-, and fourth-stage juvenile (J1–J4) tails, respectively. Abbreviations: a = anus; af = amphidial fovea; spl = ventromedian supplements. Scale bars A-J, M-P = 20 μm; K, L = 10 μm.
Table 7.
Morphometrics of females, males and juvenile stages of Longidorus onubensis sp. nov. from the rhizosphere of cultivated olive at Niebla (Huelva province) southern Spaina.
Fig 9.
Line drawings of Longidorus silvestris sp. nov., female paratypes, male and juvenile stages.
A) Pharyngeal region. B, C) Details of lip region. D) Vulval region. E, F) Female tails. G) Male tail. H) First-stage juvenile tail (J1).
Fig 10.
Light micrographs of Longidorus silvestris sp. nov., female paratypes, male and juvenile stages.
A) Female anterior region. B) Detail of basal bulb. C-F) Female lip regions. G) Detail of pharyngeal-intestinal junction. H) Vulval region. I-L) Female tails. M) First-stage juvenile lip region showing replacement odontostyle inside odontophore. N-Q) First-, second-, third-, and fourth-stage juvenile (J1–J4) tails, respectively. R, S) Male tail and detail of spicules. Abbreviations: a = anus; af = amphidial fovea; ca = cardias; gr = guiding-ring; n = nucleus; Rost = replacement odontostyle; sp = spicules. Scale bars = 20 μm.
Table 8.
Morphometrics of females, males and juvenile stages of Longidorus silvestris sp. nov. from the rhizosphere of wild olive at Tarifa (Cádiz province) southern Spaina.
Fig 11.
Line drawings of Longidorus vallensis sp. nov., female paratypes, male and juvenile stages.
A) Pharyngeal region. B, C) Details of lip region. D) Vulval region. E, F) Female tails. G) First-stage juvenile tail (J1).
Fig 12.
Light micrographs of Longidorus vallensis sp. nov., female paratypes, male and juvenile stages.
A) Pharyngeal region. B-D) Female lip regions. E) Vulval region. F-J) Female tails. K) First-stage juvenile lip region showing replacement odontostyle inside odontophore. L-O) First-, second-, third-, and fourth-stage juvenile (J1–J4) tails, respectively. R) Male tail with detail of spicules. Abbreviations: a = anus; af = amphidial fovea; ca = cardias; gr = guiding-ring; n = nucleus; Rost = replacement odontostyle; sp = spicules. Scale bars = 20 μm.
Table 9.
Morphometrics of females, males and juvenile stages of Longidorus vallensis sp. nov. from the rhizosphere of cultivated and wild olives at several localities (Cádiz and Córdoba provinces) southern Spaina.
Fig 13.
Line drawings of Longidorus wicuolea sp. nov., female paratypes, male and juvenile stages.
A) Pharyngeal region. B, C) Details of lip region. D) Vulval region. E, F) Female tails. G) First-stage juvenile tail (J1).
Fig 14.
Light micrographs of Longidorus wicuolea sp. nov., female paratypes and juvenile stages.
A) Pharyngeal region. B-C) Female neck regions. D-F) Female lip regions. G) Detail of odontophore. H) Detail of pharyngeal bulb. I) Detail of cardias (pharyngeal-intestinal junction). J) Vulval region. K-N) Female tails. O-R) First-, second-, third-, and fourth-stage juvenile (J1–J4) tails, respectively. Abbreviations: a = anus; af = amphidial fovea; ca = cardias; gr = guiding-ring; dn = dorsal nucleus; svn = subventral nucleus; V = vulva. Scale bars = 20 μm.
Table 10.
Morphometrics of females and juvenile stages of Longidorus wicuolea sp. nov. from the rhizosphere of cultivated and wild olives at several localities (Sevilla and Huelva provinces) southern Spaina.
Fig 15.
The 50% majority rule consensus tree from Bayesian inference analysis generated from the D2–D3 of 28S rRNA gene dataset of Longidorus spp. with the SYM+I+G model.
Posterior probabilities more than 70% are given for appropriate clades. Newly obtained sequences are in bold letters. Scale bar = expected changes per site. A). Clades I & II. B). Clades III-VI.
Fig 16.
The 50% majority rule consensus trees from Bayesian inference analysis generated from the ITS rRNA gene dataset of Longidorus macrodorus sp. nov. group and L. indalus sp. nov. group with the TVM+I+G and TIM3+I+G models, respectively.
Posterior probabilities more than 70% are given for appropriate clades. Newly obtained sequences are in bold letters. Scale bar = expected changes per site.
Fig 17.
The 50% majority rule consensus trees from Bayesian inference analysis generated from the partial 18S rRNA gene dataset of Longidorus spp. with the TVMef+I+G model.
Posterior probabilities more than 70% are given for appropriate clades. Newly obtained sequences are in bold letters. Scale bar = expected changes per site.