Fig 1.
Female cone of Araucaria araucana infected by Uleiella chilensis.
(a) Overview. (b) Dark olive teliospore deposit. (c) Hand with teliospore powder.
Fig 2.
Chronogram for Ustilaginomycotina evolution.
The tree topology represents the consensus of trees inferred with BEAST from combined 18S, ITS, 28S, rpb2 and EF1α sequences from 23 Ustilaginomycotina species and Colacogloea peniophorae (Pucciniomycotina) as outgroup. Numbers on branches before slashes are ML bootstrap support (BS) values (≥ 70); numbers on branches after slashes are estimates for a posteriori probabilities (PP, ≥ 0.90). The lines in bold indicate a maximum support of 100/1.00. The age estimation values (in million years ago, mya) are given for each node. The age estimation mean is followed by the 95% highest density probability (HDP) range in square brackets. The Ustilaginomycotina classes are depicted (see legend) and they are in agreement with the recently published study by Wang et al. [56].
Fig 3.
Teliosporogenesis of Uleiella chilensis as seen by transmission electron microscopy.
Material from a–e was prepared from a herbarium specimen. (a) Section through a sorus showing external teliospores (one is indicated by an arrow). (b) Teliospore wall with a sheath (arrowhead), an exosporium with ornaments (small arrow) and an endosporium (large arrow). (c) Section through a young teliospore with ornaments showing the beginning of septation (arrow). (d) Section through a teliospore showing one complete septum (arrow). (e) Section through a mature teliospore with two more or less rounded segments. (f) Section through a germinating teliospore, showing the multicellular content. Scale bar = 10 μm in (a), 0.2 μm in (b–c) and 0.5 μm in (d–f).
Fig 4.
Line drawings of teliospore germination in Uleiella chilensis.
(a) Teliospore with four segments, three of them visible. Short germination tubes protrude through the primary spore wall and terminate with sporidia (in two cases). (b) Optical section of the left part of a. (c) Optical section of a teliospore with four germination tubes producing terminal sporidia. Wall layers of the primary spore and the internal cells are indicated schematically. (d) Germination of a sporidium with the initial stage of a second sporidium. Scale bar = 5 μm.
Fig 5.
Hyphal characteristics of Uleiella chilensis as seen by transmission electron microscopy.
Material from (a) was prepared from a herbarium specimen. (a) Section through an intercellular hypha with three short haustorial lobes (arrows). Note the electron-opaque matrix coating the haustorial lobes that appears to have more layers in two of them (small arrows). (b) Section through a hypha showing a plasmodesma-like perforation (arrow). Scale bar = 10 μm in (a) and 0.2 μm in (b).