Table 1.
Clinical features of the 1087 patients with NPC.
Table 2.
Characteristics of the patients with T4 NPC stratified by cavernoussinus invasion.
Fig 1.
Representative appearance of cavernoussinus invasion (CSI) on multi-serial plane MRI scan images from an individual patient with NPC.
(A) Enhanced coronal T1W fat-suppressed magnetic resonance (MR) image showing invasion of the right CS via the foramen lacerum (upward arrow). (B) Plain coronal T1W MR image of the same scanning plane as shown in (A). (C) The lesion is seen to extend to the right CS (arrow) and the orbital apex on the axial T1W MR image. (D) Axial T2W MR image of the same scanning plane as shown in (C).
Fig 2.
(a) Overall, (b) distant metastasis-free and (c) local relapse-free survival curves for all 1087 NPC patients with and without cavernoussinus invasion (CSI).
Table 3.
Multivariate analyses of prognostic factors for all 1087 patients with NPC.
Table 4.
Hazard ratio and significance (P) in an unadjusted model for all 1087 patients with NPC.
Fig 3.
(a) Overall, (b) distant metastasis-free and (c) local relapse-free survival curves for the 318 patients with T4 NPC with and without cavernoussinus invasion (CSI).
Table 5.
Multivariate analyses of prognostic factors for the 318 patients withT4 NPC.
Fig 4.
Distant metastasis-free survival curves for all 1087 patients with NPC with and without cavernoussinus invasion (CSI) stratified by regional lymph node metastasis.
(a)Group 1: N0 disease; (b) Group 2: N1 disease;(c)Group 3: N2-N3 disease.
Fig 5.
(a) Overall and (b) distant metastasis-free survival curves for 131 NPC patients with cavernoussinus invasion (CSI) stratified by chemotherapy regimen.
Group 1: radiotherapy alone; Group 2: concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT); Group 3: neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) + CCRT or NACT.
Table 6.
Late toxicities of patients with cavernous sinus involvement after IMRT.