Table 1.
Patient and metabolic characteristics.
Clinical characteristics of islet cell transplantation patients achieving continued (>6 months), or temporary (<6 months) insulin independence or not achieving (n = 4) insulin independence. Data refer to moment of first islet cell transplantation, unless stated otherwise.
Table 2.
Ninety-four serum markers were measured consisting of cytokines, chemokines, adipokines, growth factors and other immune related proteins. Cytokines with >20% missing values are indicated with (§).
Fig 1.
Serum markers changing by transplantation and immunosuppression.
Serum marker levels that significantly change from pre islet cell transplantation to one year post transplantation are depicted (Student’s t-test, p<0.05): for all patients (A), for patients with good engraftment (B, green) and for patients with insufficient engraftment (C, orange). Serum levels are in pg/ml for: IL-7, IL-11, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-22, LIF, TSLP, CCL2, FAS, BDNF, KIM-1; ng/ml for: IL-23, CCL22, Cathepsin S, sICAM, S100A12; in ug/ml for: Chemerin, Leptin; mg/ml for: Adiponectin. Samples out-of-range at both time points were excluded from statistical analysis.
Fig 2.
Serum marker levels before or after islet transplantation that could differentiate between good and poor graft function.
Heatmap representation of significantly different serum markers between patients with good graft function (green) and patients with poor graft function (orange) before (A&B) or 1 year after (C&D) transplantation (Student’s t-test, p<0.05). In the group of patients with good graft function, those with continued insulin independence (green) and temporary insulin independence (grey) were subdivided (B & D). Heatmap gradient represents min to max (cyan—black—red) normalized serum titers.
Fig 3.
Overlap of serum markers correlating with outcome of islet transplantation.
Venn diagram showing serum markers that predict or correlate with clinical outcome (good or poor graft function) 1 year after islet transplantation.