Fig 1.
A schematic diagram of the quantification of LGE by the visual scoring method based on the standard 17-segment model of the left ventricle.
The number in each segment represents the corresponding LGE score of that segment. By adding each individual segment score, the total LGE score was 13 for this patient. The extent of LGE (LGE %) was then calculated as 19.1% ([13/68]×100). Details of the scoring procedure are described in the Methods section. LGE indicates late gadolinium enhancement.
Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with and without LGE.
Table 2.
Echocardiography and CMR data of patients with and without LGE.
Fig 2.
Correlations between the extent of LGE (LGE%) and MWT (A), LVMI (B), resting LVOTG (C), LVEF (D), Log cTnI (E) and log NT-proBNP (F) in the overall study patients.
cTnI indicates cardiac troponin I; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; LVOTG, left ventricular outflow tract gradient; MWT, maximum wall thickness; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide. Other abbreviations as in Fig 1.
Table 3.
Correlates of extent of LGE (LGE %) in the overall patients and patients with LGE.
Fig 3.
Concentrations (medians and interquartile ranges) of NT-proBNP (A) and cTnI (B) in patients with and without LGE.
Table 4.
Levels of circulating biomarkers in patients with and without LGE*.
Fig 4.
Representative LGE images of patients with extensive and without LGE.
A 61-year-old woman with slightly elevated NT-proBNP plasma level (515.4pmol/L) and normal serum level of cTnI (0.006ng/ml), had no LGE detected in the 4-chamber view and end-diastolic short-axis views at basal, mid-ventricular and apical levels of left ventricle (A-D). A 47-year-old man with significantly elevated peripheral levels of NT-proBNP (2642.0pmol/L) and cTnI (0.321ng/ml), had extensive LGE (red arrows; LGE score, 46; LGE%, 67.6%) mainly involving the anterior, anteroseptal, septal, inferoseptal and inferior myocardium (E-H). Abbreviations as in Figs 1 and 2.
Table 5.
Correlates of peripheral levels of NT-proBNP and cTNI in patients With HOCM.
Table 6.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis for prediction of the presence of LGE.
Fig 5.
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of MWT (A) and cTnI (B) to predict the presence of LGE.
AUC indicates area under ROC curve. Other abbreviations as in Figs 1 and 2.
Table 7.
Accuracy of MWT and cTnI in predicting the presence of LGE in patients with HOCM.