Table 1.
First fMRI-Experiment: Regions with stronger activity during delayed (600 ms) compared to immediate feedback (FDR < 0.05).
Fig 1.
Experiment 1 –Activity in the anterior insular cortex, posterior medial frontal cortex, left inferior parietal lobule and right inferior frontal junction.
Regions with stronger activation in response to delays of 600 ms or 400 ms each compared to the immediate feedback (left side: activation clusters, right side: BOLD time course). Delays of 200 ms are not significantly different compared to immediate feedback. Error bars indicate standard errors of the mean.
Table 2.
First fMRI-Experiment: Regions with stronger activity during delayed (400 ms) compared to immediate feedback (FDR < 0.05).
Fig 2.
Experiment 1 –five participants.
BOLD time courses from the ROIs shown in Fig 1 for those participants who did not report to have noticed the delays in feedback after the experiment.
Fig 3.
BOLD response of ROIs in the second and third experiment.
In the second experiment (left column) delayed feedback did not lead to a significant increase of the BOLD response in four regions of interest as defined in experiment 1. However, in the third experiment, which included a few omissions of feedback, the delays in feedback led to a significant increase in BOLD response in these regions (right column).
Table 3.
Third fMRI-Experiment: Regions with stronger activity during delayed compared to immediate feedback (FDR < 0.05).