Fig 1.
During scanning, participants viewed an instructional cue for 1 s. After a 0.5 s delay, the target stimulus was presented for 2.5 s. The target required a left- or right-button response, depending on the relevant S–R mapping learned before scanning.
Fig 2.
Seed regions-of-interest (ROIs).
Eleven seed regions were selected from a meta-analysis study of task-switching. Note: L = left; R = right; pre-SMA = pre-supplementary motor area; IFJ = inferior frontal junction; PCG = precentral gyrus; DLPFC = dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex; IPL = inferior parietal lobule; PCU = Precuneus; IOG = inferior occipital gyrus; IFG = inferior frontal gyrus.
Table 1.
Eleven Meta Seed Regions of Interest (ROIs).
Table 2.
Behavioral Results for Two Independent Samples.
Fig 3.
RT results and switch cost in the two samples.
(a) & (c) respectively represent mean RT in the switch and task repetition condition for Sample 1 and Sample 2. (b) & (d) respectively represent individual differences related to switch cost for Sample 1 and Sample 2. Each circle represents a participant’s switch cost. The solid line indicates zero switch cost, and the dashed line represents the mean switch cost.
Table 3.
Significant iFC-Switch Cost Correlation.
Fig 4.
Switch cost relevant iFCs in the left IFJ.
The red node represents the location of the left IFJ. Scatter plots with lines of best linear fit show the correlation between standard behavioral switch cost and iFC values in sample 1 and sample 2. Each dot represents data for a single subject. Note: L = left; R = right; FC = functional connectivity; IFJ = inferior frontal junction; PCU = precuneus; SPL = superior parietal lobule; MFG = middle frontal gyrus; MOG = middle occipital gyrus.
Fig 5.
Switch cost relevant iFCs in the left precuneus.
The red node represents the location of the left precuneus. Scatter plots with lines of best linear fit show the correlation between standard behavioral switch cost and iFC values in sample 1 and sample 2. Each dot represents data for a single subject. Note: L = left; R = right; FC = functional connectivity; PCU = precuneus; PCG = precentral gyrus; IPL = inferior parietal lobule.
Table 4.
The r-values of Impacts of Different Preprocessing Strategies.
Table 5.
Regions Showing Significant iFC-Switch Cost Correlation in the Partial Correlation Mapping of L.IFJ.