Fig 1.
Development of EMS mutagenized population in a pre-green revolution tall cv. Indian and its phenotypic analysis over generations and growing conditions.
Fig 2.
Distribution of plant height of (A) M2 plants in greenhouse and (B) M3 plants in field.
Height of control cv. Indian was 102 cm (87–113 cm) in greenhouse and 106 cm (90–125 cm) in field.
Table 1.
Phenotypic data collected on single M2 plants in greenhouse at different developmental stages.
Fig 3.
Phenotypes of M3 mutants for leaf color and morphology (B-G) and flag leaf morphology (I-L).
Leaf phenotypes include anthocyanin pigmentation (B), chlorotic spots (C), lesion mimic (D), burnt leaf tips (E), yellow-green (F), and dark green leaves (G) compared to control Indian (A); and flag leaf morphology includes broad and short leaf (I), flag leaf close to lower part of spike (J), silver-green and rolled flag leaf (K), and short peduncle with thin sheath and flag leaf (L) compared to control Indian (H). Changes in mutant phenotype compared to control Indian are marked with arrow.
Fig 4.
Spike and peduncle morphology of mutant plants.
Compared to medium sized awns in control Indian (A), spike with large awns (B, C), awnless (D), small awns (E), spikelet morphology (E, F), and top spikelets sterile (G). Variations in peduncle morphology include bent (I), wavy (J), shredded flag leaf sheath (K), and crooked phenotype with crinkled leaf and peduncle (L) compared to control Indian (H). Phenotypic variations compared to control Indian are marked with arrow.
Table 2.
Phenotypic data on M3 rows in field at different developmental stages.
Fig 5.
Comparison of M4 height mutants growing in three feet rows (B-H) with control Indian (A) grown in the same field conditions.
Measuring scale is in inches and arrow indicates the height of mutants.
Table 3.
Comparison of height across M3 and M4 generations compared to average height of control Indian within each generation.
Fig 6.
Phenotypic variations observed in mutants compared to control Indian (A, J).
These variations include upright leaves (B), early senescence (C), single tiller (D), bent nodes (E), looped lower internodes (F), gritty coleoptile (G), leaf curled around stem base (H), lazy mutant (I), and uniform tillers and upright leaves (J). Phenotypic variations compared to control Indian are marked with arrow.
Table 4.
Number of stable mutants for height, uniculm, and other phenotypes in M4 generation selected from M3 generation.
Table 5.
Novel phenotypic mutants identified in hexaploid wheat.
Table 6.
Contribution of internodes toward plant height in mutants compared to the control cv. Indian.
Internode 1 corresponded to the peduncle.