Fig 1.
Postaxial cervical vertebra of Archaeornithomimus (AMNH FARB 21786).
A, ventral; B, ventral oblique view; C, left lateral; D, right lateral; E, dorsal; F, anterior; G, posterior view.
Fig 2.
CT images of postaxial cervical vertebra of Archaeornithomimus (AMNH FARB 21786).
A–D, select transverse sections; E, midsagittal section; F, frontal section. Dashed lines and associated letters indicate location and letter designation of CT image slices.
Fig 3.
Anterior dorsal vertebrae of Archaeornithomimus (AMNH FARB 21788) and associated CT images.
A, left lateral view; B, right lateral view; C–G, select transverse sections; H, midsagittal section. Dashed lines and associated letters indicate location and letter designation of CT image slices.
Fig 4.
Sacral vertebrae of Archaeornithomimus (AMNH FARB 21790) and associated CT images.
A, left lateral view; B, right lateral view; C–E, select transverse sections; F, midsagittal section. Dashed lines and associated letters indicate location and letter designation of CT image slices.
Fig 5.
Proximal caudal vertebrae of Archaeornithomimus (AMNH FARB 21802) and associated CT images.
A, left lateral view; B, right lateral view; C, D, select transverse sections; E, midsagittal section. Dashed lines and associated letters indicate location and letter designation of CT image slices.
Fig 6.
Proximal caudal vertebrae of Archaeornithomimus (AMNH FARB 21790) and associated CT images.
A, left lateral view; B, right lateral view; C–E, select transverse section; F, midsagittal section. Dashed lines and associated letters indicate location and letter designation of CT image slices.
Fig 7.
Distal caudal vertebrae of Archaeornithomimus (AMNH FARB 21794) and associated CT images.
A, left lateral view; B, dorsal view; C, D, select transverse sections; E, frontal plane section; F, G, select sagittal sections. Dashed lines and associated letters indicate location and letter designation of CT image slices.
Fig 8.
Cervical vertebrae of Nqwebasaurus (AM 6040) and Pelecanimimus (LH 7777).
A, right lateral view; B, dorsal view of Nqwebasaurus. C, left lateral view; and D, right lateral view of Pelecanimimus. Numbers denote cervical vertebral number.
Fig 9.
Select vertebrae highlighting the extent of pneumatic structures in Senzhousaurus and Gallimimus.
A, proximal caudal vertebrae of Senzhousaurus (NGMC-97-4-002), oblique right lateral view; B, cervical vertebrae 7, 8 of Gallimimus (ZPAL MgD-I/94), left lateral view; C, D, left and right lateral views of cervical vertebra and dorsal vertebrae 1, 2 of Gallimimus (ZPAL MgD-I/94) respectively; E, apneumatic dorsal vertebrae 7–10 of Gallimimus (ZPAL MgD-I/94), right lateral view; F, sacrum of Gallimimus (ZPAL MgD-I/94), left lateral view; G, articulated sacral vertebrae of Gallimimus (ZPAL MgD-I/29); H, proximal caudal vertebrae of Gallimimus (ZPAL MgD-I/8), left lateral view. Scale bar equals 3 cm.
Fig 10.
Select vertebrae of Ornithomimus (ROM 851).
A, cervical vertebra 6, right lateral view; B, dorsal vertebra 7, right lateral view; C, dorsal vertebra 10, right lateral view.
Table 1.
Updated data on the extent of pneumaticity in Archaeornithomimus.
Bolded cells indicate new or modified information compared to data from [13]. States 0, 1, A, and? indicate absence, presence, ambiguous, and missing respectively. Abbreviations: C, centrum; NA, neural arch.
Fig 11.
Consensus phylogeny of Ornithomimosauria showing known state of vertebral pneumaticity from the literature and personal observations.
Bolded taxonomic names indicate taxa inspected in this study. The common theropod pattern and graphical representation of vertebral pneumaticity is derived from [13]. Colored boxes indicate strong evidence of pneumatization corresponding to the vertebra type and region. Half-filled boxes denote variable pneumatization with respect to the common theropod pattern. “A” signifies ambiguous evidence of pneumatization. “?” indicates no specimen available for the vertebra type and region.