Table 1.
Checklist for quality assessment and scoring for cohort studies.
Fig 1.
Literature screening flow chart and results.
Table 2.
Characteristics of the included studies.
Table 3.
The quality assessment of the included studies.
Fig 2.
Meta analysis of local recurrence rate (A), distant metastasis rate (B), overall survival (C), disease-free survival (D) between TEM and TME in the treatment of T1 rectal cancer.