Fig 1.
Annual incidence of invasive listeriosis.
(A) Annual incidence and number of 338 patients of invasive listeriosis who were treated at four medical centers in Taiwan by year from 2000 to 2013; and (B) distribution of age and (C) months of acquisition of disease among the 338 patients.
Table 1.
Annual incidence (per 10,000 admissions each year) of invasive infection (bacteremia, meningitis, and peritonitis) caused by Listeria monocytogenes at four medical centers (n = 338) in Taiwan from 2000 to 2013.
Fig 2.
PCR serogroups of 132 isolates of L. monocytogenes.
Annual proportion of four PCR serogroups of 132 isolates of L. monocytogenes isolated from three medical centers in Taiwan from 2000 to 2013.
Table 2.
PCR serogroups, sequence type (ST), and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) patterns generated by arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR) of main PCR serogroup-ST isolates (number of isolates ≥5) of 132 isolates collected from three medical centers in Taiwan, 2000–2013.
Fig 3.
Minimum spanning tree analysis of clinical isolates of 132 L. monocytogenes isolates collected from three medical centers in Taiwan from 2000 to 2013 based on the MLST method of Ragon et al. (10).
Circles correspond to PCR serogroups, while numbers on branches are the numbers of allele differences between connected sequence types (STs). The size of each circle is proportional to the number of isolates in each ST. The alignment and minimum spanning tree were created using BioNumerics v5.10. Clonal complexes (STs with single allele difference, CC) are the same as ST in circles, except CC87, CC19, CC8, and CC288 that are shaded in different colors. These CC complexes included CC87 (ST87) (25.8%, n = 34), CC19 (ST378) (19.7%, n = 26), CC155 (ST155) (12.9%, n = 17), CC1 (ST1) (8.3%, n = 11), CC5 (ST5) (7.6%, n = 10), CC288 (ST288 and ST 330) (6.8%, n = 9), CC2 (ST2) (5.3%, n = 7), CC3 (ST3) (4.5%, n = 6), CC101 (ST101) (3.8%, n = 5), CC8 (ST8) (1.5%, n = 2), CC59 (ST59) (0.8%, n = 1), CC6 (ST6) (0.8%, n = 1), CC398 (ST398) (0.8%, n = 1), and singleton (ST663 and ST512) (1.5%, n = 2).
Fig 4.
Distribution of main PCR serogroup-sequence type (ST) among L. monocytogenes Distribution of eight main PCR serogroup-sequence type (ST) isolates (no. of isolates ≥5) among 132 L. monocytogenes isolates collected from three medical centers in Taiwan from 2000 to 2013 by year.