Table 1.
Cumulative Echocardiographic Score System (Maximum of 6).
Fig 1.
A two-dimensional (A) and two-dimensional with color Doppler (B) echocardiogram from a dog are displayed.
The view is left apical four-chamber showing the left ventricle (LV), left atrium (LA), right ventricle (RV) and right atrium (RA). The mitral valve is denoted by the white arrow in image A. This image represent a dog with severe mitral valve prolapse as it is observed to buckle back into the LA during systole. Severe mitral valve regurgitation and chamber enlargement are also apparent, yielding a disease severity score of 6 in this dog.
Fig 2.
A box and whiskers plot displays the median and range of ages across each severity score group that was present within this study.
Fig 3.
A) Q-Q plot from the continuous variable association with λ = 1.07 demonstrating mild population stratification as seen by the continual deviation from the line (consistent obtained P values deviate from those which are expected). B) Q-Q plot from the efficient mixed model association expedited (EMMAX) analysis in which the deviation from expected P values is corrected yielding a single, pronounced deviation from expect P values, consistent with the significant association results obtained.
Fig 4.
A) Manhattan plot demonstrating the genotype association to MVD severity obtained by the mixed linear model, additive, continuous variable analysis (EMMAX). The most significant regions of interest are noted on chromosome 15 and 2. Raw (Praw) and Bonferroni corrected P values (Padj) are displayed for the top 2 SNPs. The red lines denote the level of genome wide significance (Bonferroni). B) The same manhattan plot is focused in on a region of chromosome 15 to demonstrate the flanking region of the most significant SNP. C) The same manhattan plot is focused in on a region of chromosome 2 to demonstrate the flanking region of the secondary peak of significance.
Table 2.
The SNPs most significantly association with MVD in the continuous variable EMMAX analysis are detailed by location in CanFam 3.1 and test statistics.
Table 3.
Positional candidate genes are detailed by the abbreviation, product and location in CanFam3.1.