Table 1.
Nutrients composition of the intervention used in the trial.
Fig 1.
Flow chart for pulmonary TB-positive patients randomized to receive a nutritional supplement or no supplement and followed for the effects of nutritional supplementation on Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide and Ethambutal exposure at the end of the second month of intensive phase of treatment.
Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of 100 pulmonary sputum smear positive patients starting TB treatment.
Fig 2.
Visual predictive check (VPC) for isoniazid concentration versus time, stratified by NAT2 acetylator status (extensive and intermediate on the left, slow on the right).
The circles represent the original data, the dashed and solid lines are the 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles of the original data, while the shaded areas are the corresponding 95% confidence intervals for the same percentiles, as predicted by the model.
Fig 3.
Box and whisker plots showing isoniazid exposure vs. time NAT2 acetylator status (grouped as rapid or intermediate together vs. slow).
The left panel displays AUC0-24 and the right panel Cmax. The dots represent individual values. Since for most subjects 2 PK profiles were available, geometric mean was used to summarize the individual values.
Table 3.
Isoniazid pharmacokinetics parameter estimates among newly diagnosed sputum smear positive TB patients.
Fig 4.
Visual predictive check (VPC) for pyrazinamide concentration versus time, stratified by time on TB treatment.
The circles represent the original data, the dashed and solid lines are the 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles of the original data, while the shaded areas are the corresponding 95% confidence intervals for the same percentiles, as predicted by the model.
Fig 5.
Box and whisker plots showing pyrazinamide exposure vs. time on TB treatment (approximately less or more than 2 weeks).
The left panel displays AUC0-24 and the right panel Cmax. The dots represent individual values. When 2 PK profiles were available in the same stratum, geometric mean was used to summarize the value.
Table 4.
Pyrazinamide pharmacokinetics parameter estimates among newly diagnosed sputum smear positive pulmonary TB patients.
Fig 6.
Visual predictive check (VPC) for ethambutol concentration versus time.
The circles represent the original data, the dashed and solid lines are the 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles of the original data, while the shaded areas are the corresponding 95% confidence intervals for the same percentiles, as predicted by the model.
Fig 7.
In the left panels, scatter plots showing ethambutol exposure vs. patient age.
In the right small panels, box and whiskers plots summarizing the same values. The top panels refer to AUC0-24 and the bottom panels to Cmax. For all patients for whom 2 PK profiles were available, geometric mean was used to obtain summary values.
Table 5.
Ethambutol pharmacokinetics parameter estimates among newly diagnosed sputum smear positive pulmonary TB patients.