Table 1.
Experimental Stimuli: Frequencies of Covariance Events in Different Conditions.
Fig 1.
Mean of causal ratings in conditions in Experiment 1.
Error bars are standard errors. AU is the ambiguous-unknown condition.
Table 2.
Beta Regression on Causal Ratings Predicted by Evidence Types and Contingency Conditions.
Fig 2.
Percentages of strategy selection among subjects in Experiment 1.
Unambiguous: estimated the AU observations depending on the probability of unambiguous active viruses, or the causal link between the unambiguous viruses and the chemical. Uniform: regarded the AU virus samples as equally likely to be active or inactive viruses. Active: regarded the AU virus samples to be active viruses. Inactive: regarded the AU virus samples to be inactive viruses. Ignore: ignored the AU samples. Others: other strategies.
Table 3.
Mean, Standard Deviations and Correlations of Working Memory Measures.
Fig 3.
Mean causal ratings across conditions in Experiment 2.
Error bars are standard errors.
Table 4.
Effects of Ambiguity and WM measures on Causal Ratings in Experiment 2.
Fig 4.
Mean causal ratings across conditions in Experiment 3.
Error bars are standard errors.
Table 5.
Effects of Ambiguity on Causal Ratings of the Positive Contingency in Experiment 3.
Table 6.
Effects of Ambiguity in Presence of the Cause on Causal Ratings of the Negative Contingency in Experiment 3.
Table 7.
Effects of Ambiguity on Causal Ratings of the Zero Contingency in Experiment 3.
Table 8.
Beta Regression on Causal Ratings Predicted by Experimental Factors and WMC.