Fig 1.
Chilling symptoms of ‘Ettinger’ after cold-quarantine treatments.
Evaluation of chilling-injury (CI) symptoms in treated [modified atmosphere (MA), methyl jasmonate (MJ), low-temperature conditioning (LTC)] and non-treated ‘Ettinger’ after cold-quarantine treatments (15 days at 5°C or at 1°C, then storage at 5°C for the rest of the overall 3 weeks in cold storage), followed by 7 days of shelf storage. (A) Representative pictures of ‘Ettinger’ fruit after 3 weeks of cold storage followed by shelf storage. (B) CI severity ranked from 1–3 after cold storage (black column) and further shelf storage (white column). Data are mean ± SE. Different letters (lowercase letters and uppercase letters refer to after cold storage and shelf life, respectively) indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test.
Fig 2.
Chilling symptoms of ‘Hass’ fruit during cold-quarantine treatments.
Evaluation of chilling-injury (CI) symptoms in ‘Hass’ during cold-quarantine treatments (15 days at 5°C or at 1°C, then storage at 5°C for the rest of the overall 3 weeks of cold storage), followed by 7 days of shelf storage. (A) Representative pictures of ‘Hass’ fruit after 3 weeks of cold storage followed by shelf storage. (B) CI severity ranked from 1–3 after cold storage (black column) and further shelf storage (white column). Data are mean ± SE. Different letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test.
Fig 3.
Evaluation of physiological parameters of ‘Ettinger’ fruit during cold-quarantine treatments.
Physiological parameters of treated [modified atmosphere (MA), methyl jasmonate (MJ), low-temperature conditioning (LTC)] or non-treated ‘Ettinger’ after cold storage (black column) and further shelf storage (white column). (A) Overall decay displayed in percentage. (B) Firmness displayed in Newton. (C) Blossom-end rot displayed in percentage. Data are mean ± SE.
Fig 4.
Evaluation of physiological parameters of ‘Hass’ fruit during cold-quarantine treatments.
Physiological parameters of treated [modified atmosphere (MA), methyl jasmonate (MJ), low-temperature conditioning (LTC)] or non-treated ‘Hass’ after cold storage and further shelf storage. (A) Overall decay displayed in percentage. (B) Firmness displayed in Newton. (C) Fruit color displayed in hue. Data are mean ± SE.
Fig 5.
Evaluation of physiological parameters of ‘Hass’ fruit during cold-quarantine treatments.
Treated (LTC 3d or 5d: 3 or 5 days of low-temperature conditioning, MCP: 1-MCP 150 ppm) or non-treated ‘Hass’ fruit were checked for physiological parameters after cold storage (15 days at 5°C or at 1°C, then storage at 5°C for the rest of the overall 3 weeks in cold storage), followed by 7 days of shelf storage at 20°C. (A) Chilling injuries (CI index 1–3). (B) Overall decay displayed in percentage. (C) Firmness displayed in Newton. Data are mean ± SE. Different letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test.
Fig 6.
Relative expression of genes related to cold-response.
Relative expression of genes in peel tissue of ‘Hass’ during 18 days of cold storage at 5°C or at 1°C with or without the combined treatments [modified atmosphere (MA), methyl jasmonate (MJ), low-temperature conditioning (LTC)] encoding: (A) lipoxygenase (LOX), (B) heat-shock protein (HSP), (C) fatty acid desaturase (FAD).
Fig 7.
Luminescence and light image of ‘Hass’ avocado fruit in response to cold storage.
Luminescence and light image were captured and visualized after 15 days of cold storage at 5°C or 1°C or 1°C with the combined treatments (MJ, MA, LTC). (A) Luminescence (20 min of autoluminescence, emission: 647–770 nm) indicating lipid peroxidation. (B) Light image.