Fig 1.
Forelimb deformity and pull strength changes after treatment with edaravone and vehicle.
(A) The forelimb deformity was attenuated in mice treated with higher dose of edaravone. * P<0.05, the higher dose of edaravone group versus the vehicle group at the 4th week (one-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Dunnett type multiple comparison test). Results are represented as the mean ± SEM (n = 10/group). (B) Vehicle-treated mice decreased forelimb strength gradually. Higher dose of edaravone administration inhibited deterioration of forelimbs strength. * P<0.05, the higher dose of edaravone group versus the vehicle group at the 3rd and the 4th week (one-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Dunnett type multiple comparison test). Results are represented as the mean ± SEM (n = 10/group).
Fig 2.
The biceps muscle weight and morphometry in edaravone- and vehicle-treated wobbler mice.
(A) Mice treated with higher dose of edaravone increased significantly the weight of biceps muscles compared to vehicle. * P<0.05, the higher dose of edaravone group versus the vehicle group (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett multiple comparison test). Results are represented as the mean ± SEM (n = 10/group). (B) Mice treated with higher dose of edaravone increased the diameter of muscle fibers significantly compared to vehicle. * P<0.05, the higher dose of edaravone group versus the vehicle group (one-way ANOVA and Dunnett multiple comparison test). Results are represented as the mean ± SEM (n = 10/group).
Fig 3.
The number of spinal motor neurons in edaravone- and vehicle-treated wobbler mice.
Mice treated with higher dose of edaravone increased the number of motor neurons significantly compared to vehicle. * P<0.05, the higher dose of edaravone group versus the vehicle group by one-way ANOVA and Dunnett multiple comparison test. Results are represented as the mean ± SEM (n = 10/group).
Fig 4.
The astrocyte density of the ventral spinal cord in edaravone- and vehicle-treated wobbler mice.
Mice treated with higher dose of edaravone decreased the density of GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes significantly compared to vehicle. * P<0.05, the higher dose of edaravone group versus the vehicle group by one-way ANOVA and Dunnett multiple comparison test. Results are represented as the mean ± SEM (n = 10/group).