Fig 1.
Locations of collection sites in four regions in Oman; below table represent geographical distance matrix in km between regions.
The study field surveys and samples collection were carried out in accordance with the regulations of the Sultan Qaboos University Committee for Animal Ethics. The field surveys did not involve endangered or protected animal species: blood samples were collected by a veterinarian while animals were manually restrained; no tranquillisers or short-acting anaesthetics were used. Appropriate equipment was used for blood sample collection. No institutional approval was needed, as per Sultan Qaboos University ethics committee such an approval is only required for small animals. The sampling procedures and number of animals to be sampled were approved by the Ministry of Agriculture and Fishery, Oman, as part of obtaining the field permit.
Fig 2.
The frequency of alleles for three representative markers (TS5, TS15 and TS20) in four regional parasite populations in Oman.
The size of each allele (in bp) is given on the x- axis.
Table 1.
Allelic diversity and unbiased heterozygosity (He) at 10 micro- and mini-satellite loci among 310 T. annulata isolates in Oman.
Table 2.
Linkage equilibrium among T. annulata populations in Oman and comparison of parasites in Oman, Tunisia and Turkey.
Table 3.
Pair-wise FST estimates among T. annulata populations in Oman, as well as between Oman, Tunisia and Turkey.
Fig 3.
Principal Co-ordinate analysis (PCoA) of T. annulata populations from Oman, Turkey and Tunisia.
PCoA was performed on the multi-locus genotype data representing each of the populations sampled. The proportion of the variation in the dataset explained by each axis is indicated in parenthesis.
Table 4.
Multiplicity of T. annulata infection in four governorates in Oman.
Fig 4.
Box plot of mean number of alleles in four populations in Oman.