Fig 1.
Markov Model.
Table 1.
Model inputs.
Table 2.
Data used to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE) and VEs used in the model.
Table 3.
Cost, effectiveness and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (vs. current scenario) by using PPSV–23 only.
Table 4.
Cost, effectiveness and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of different diffusion levels of PCV–13 (vs. current PPSV–23 strategy).
Fig 2.
Results of one-way sensitivity analyses.
(A) ≥65 PPSV–23 strategy vs. current PPSV–23 strategy. (B) PCV–13 strategy vs. current PPSV–23 strategy. In Fig 2A: (1) Cost per shot of PPSV–23, (2) Annual incidence rate of IPD, (3) Vaccine effectiveness of PPSV–23 in reducing IPD incidence rate, (4) Percentage of vaccine serotype causing IPD. In Fig 2-B: (1) Cost per shot of PCV–13. (2) Cost per shot of PPSV–23, (3) Vaccine effectiveness of PCV–13 in preventing noninvasive vaccine type CAP, (4) Treatment cost per S. pneumoniae-related case.
Fig 3.
Results of probabilistic sensitivity analyses.
(A) Scatter plot of incremental cost and incremental effectiveness per person of ≥65 PPSV–23 strategy vs. current PPSV–23 strategy and 65–80 PPSV–23 strategy vs. current PPSV–23 strategy. (B) Enlarged view of ≥65 PPSV–23 strategy vs. current PPSV–23 strategy. (C) Enlarged view of 65–80 PPSV–23 strategy vs. current PPSV–23 strategy.
Fig 4.
Cost-effectiveness acceptability curve (CEAC) of ≥65 PPSV–23 strategy vs. current PPSV–23 strategy.