Fig 1.
Daily body weight change in percentage of saline or 5-FU-injected mice with/without probiotics (Lcr35 or LaBi) administration.
The mice were weighted daily and the results of all groups were compared with those in 5-FU-saline groups for 5 days. In the control groups, the mice were injected saline and administrated with saline (○), Lcr35 (□) and LaBi (△). In the experimental groups, the mice were injected 5-FU and administrated with saline (●), Lcr35 (■) and LaBi (▲). Data of starting bodyweight are expressed 100% from day 0.
Fig 2.
Diarrhea score after administrating probiotics (Lcr35 or LaBi) with/without 5-FU treatment.
The mice were recorded daily and the results of all groups were compared with those in 5-FU + saline group for 5 days. In the control groups, the mice injected saline and administrated with saline (○), Lcr35 (□) and LaBi (△). In the experimental groups, the mice injected 5-FU and administrated with saline (●), Lcr (■) and LaBi (▲). The severity of diarrhea was attenuated in those mice treated with probiotics in the 5-FU groups. The data with different superscripted letters are significantly different based on the one-way ANOVA.
Fig 3.
Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ by ELISA assays from mice challenged by 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis on the 5th day.
They were fed with (+) or without (−) probiotics (Lcr35/LaBi). The data with different superscripted letters are significantly different based on the one-way ANOVA.
Fig 4.
A: Representative histology of jejunum showing villus height and crypt depth with haematoxylin and eosin stain in mice on day 5 challenged with 5-FU (IP). They were fed with probiotics (Lcr35 or LaBi) or saline. The image acquisition phase was done with a 20x magnification objective. Scale bar = 200μm. B: Values were represented as mean ± SEM and were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Segments of jejunum were taken for measurement of villus height, crypt depth and villus/crypt ratio per mouse.
Fig 5.
Up-regulations of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in mucositis mice were followed after injection with 5-FU.
Mucositis mice were fed with (+) or without (−) probiotics. Gene expressions of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α were determined by Q-PCR (A) jejunum tissue (B) colon tissue. Induction of cytokine expressions were presented as RQ compared to 18sRNA housekeeping gene expression. The data with different superscripted letters are significantly different based on the one-way ANOVA.
Fig 6.
A: Representative histological sections of jejunum showing the goblet cells with haematoxylin and eosin stain in mice on day 5 challenged with 5-FU (IP). They were fed with probiotics (Lcr35 or LaBi) or saline. The arrows indicated goblet cells. The image acquisition phase was done with a 20x magnification objective. Scale bar = 50μm. B: Jejunal goblet cells after staining were counted. Values were represented as mean ± SEM and were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.
Table 1.
Translocation of probiotics to blood, liver and spleen of 5-FU treated mice fed with (+) or without (−) probiotics on the 5th day was assessed.
The bacteria were detected by using Q-PCR (n = 11–13 per group).