Fig 1.
PRISMA flow chart of grants identified and the extent to which these led to publications.
Note: MDD = major depressive disorder; NIH = US National Institutes of Health; RCT = randomized clinical trial.
Table 1.
Characteristics of the included grants.
Table 2.
Meta-analyses of studies examining the effect of psychological treatment for depression.
Fig 2.
Psychological treatment versus control conditions (all).
Note: Not all results of the unpublished studies are presented at study level, because we did not have permission of the investigators to do so. BDI = Beck Depression Inventory; CTRL-NS = non-specific control condition (psychological placebo); CTRL-NS(PLAC) = pill-placebo control condition; CTRL-NT = no-treatment control condition; CTRL-TAU = treatment as usual control condition; HAMD = Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; PT = psychological treatment; SCL-90-D = Symptom Checklist—90 item, depression subscale.
Fig 3.
Psychological treatment versus no-treatment control conditions.
Note: Not all results of the unpublished studies are presented at study level, because we did not have permission of the investigators to do so. CTRL-NT = no-treatment control condition; PT = psychological treatment; SCL-90-D = Symptom Checklist—90 item, depression subscale.
Fig 4.
Psychological treatment versus treatment control conditions.
Note: Not all results of the unpublished studies are presented at study level, because we did not have permission of the investigators to do so. BDI = Beck Depression Inventory; CTRL-NS = non-specific control condition (psychological placebo); CTRL-NS(PLAC) = pill-placebo control condition; CTRL-TAU = treatment as usual control condition; HAMD = Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; PT = psychological treatment.
Fig 5.
Psychological treatment versus other psychological treatment.
Note: Not all results of the unpublished studies are presented at study level, because we did not have permission of the investigators to do so. BDI = Beck Depression Inventory; HAMD = Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; PT = psychological treatment.
Fig 6.
Psychological treatment versus antidepressant medication.
Note: Not all results of the unpublished studies are presented at study level, because we did not have permission of the investigators to do so. ADM = antidepressant medication; HAMD = Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; PT = psychological treatment.
Fig 7.
Psychological treatment combined with antidepressant medication versus antidepressant medication monotherapy.
Note: Not all results of the unpublished studies are presented at study level, because we did not have permission of the investigators to do so. ADM = antidepressant medication; HAMD = Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; IDS-C30 = Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology– 30-item Clinician Rated version; PT = psychological treatment.