Fig 1.
Experimental setup.Foot loading was measured by using an insole pressure measurement system (Pedar-X system, Novel, Munich, Germany).
Each insole contained 99 force sensors with a spatial resolution of approximately 10 mm (2 sensor/cm2). Each sensor was calibrated using a standard calibration device (Trublu Calibration, Novel, Munich, Germany). The insole was connected to the Pedar-X box, which was attached to the waist of each participant. The insoles were inserted in the right (dominant leg) shoe of each participant during the data collection. The Pedar-X data acquisition software was used to collect and filter the data. Only the data on the right foot (landing foot) were collected, and the sample frequency was set to 200 Hz. The system has been demonstrated to be a valid and reliable plantar pressure measurement system [14].
Table 1.
Plantar loads at each region by different lunges and shoes.
Fig 2.
Comparison of insole loading parameters for maximum lunges at different directions.
MF, maximum force; PP, peak pressure; CA, contact area; M1, medial heel, M2, lateral heel, M3, medial midfoot, M4, lateral midfoot, M5, first metatarsal head, M6, second and third metatarsal head, M7, fourth and fifth metatarsal heads, M8, great toe, M9, lesser toes. * p < 0.05 left lunge vs. front lunge. † p < 0.05 right lunge vs. front lunge.