Table 1.
Summary of higher-order questions used on the pre- and post-quizzes.
Fig 1.
Scatterplot of learning objective and assessment Bloom scores.
Bloom scores range from one to six (1 = knowledge, 2 = comprehension, 3 = application, 4 = analysis, 5 = synthesis, 6 = evaluation). The alignment score is the absolute value of the learning objective Bloom score minus the assessment Bloom score. Zero represents perfect alignment, while any value of alignment above the mean (0.93) were considered misaligned, with respect to the mean.
Fig 2.
Scatterplot of alignment scores and adjusted post-quiz scores.
Little correlation (r = -0.28) exists between alignment and students’ post-quiz scores, that are adjusted for pre-scores.
Fig 3.
Scatterplot of pre versus post-quiz scores, with three RTOP regression lines.
Purple line and “1” symbol represents classrooms classified as RTOP level I (straight lecture). Blue line and “2” symbols represent classrooms classified as RTOP level II (lecture with some demonstration and minor student participation). Green line and “3” symbols indicate classrooms classified as RTOP level III (students actively participating in activity and critique of information).