Fig 1.
Effects of EA on body weight and uterus index.
(A) Effects of E2 and EA on body weight. (B) The uterus index was represented as uterus weight divided by body weight. E2 (25 μg/kg/day); EA-L (1 mg/kg/day); EA-M (5 mg/kg/day); EA-H (15 mg/kg/day). n = 10; ** p < 0.01 vs OVX; ## p < 0.01 vs Sham.
Table 1.
Effects of EA on bone biomechanical parameters in femoral diaphysis of OVX rats.
Fig 2.
Effects of EA on bone formation and resorption parameters.
(A) Effects of E2 and EA on serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP). (B) Effects of E2 and EA on serum osteocalcin (OC). (C) Effects of E2 and EA on urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD/Cr). E2 (25 μg/kg/day); EA-L (1 mg/kg/day); EA-M (5 mg/kg/day), EA-H (15 mg/kg/day). n = 10; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs OVX; ## p < 0.01 vs Sham.
Table 2.
Effects of EA on biochemical parameters in serum and urine of OVX rats.
Fig 3.
Effects of EA on the BMD and trabecular architecture.
Effects of E2 and EA on BMD (A), trabecular number (Tb.N) (B), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) (C), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) (D), structure model index (SIM) (E), ratio of trabecular volume/bone total volume (F). E2 (25 μg/kg/day); EA-L (1 mg/kg/day); EA-M (5 mg/kg/day), EA-H (15 mg/kg/day). n = 10; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs OVX; ## p < 0.01 vs Sham.
Fig 4.
3-D architecture of trabecula bone.
Representative micro-computed tomography samples within the distal metaphyseal femur region from Sham (A), OVX (B), E2(25 μg/kg/day) (C), EA-M (5 mg/kg/day) (D), and EA (15 mg/kg/day) treatment (E) rats.
Fig 5.
Effects of EA on IL-1β and TNF-α in rat serum.
Effects of E2 and EA on serum IL-1β (A) and TNF-α (B). E2 (25 μg/kg/day); EA-L (1 mg/kg/day); EA-M (5 mg/kg/day), EA-H (15 mg/kg/day). n = 10; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs OVX; ##p < 0.01 vs Sham.