Fig 1.
Positioning zebrafish in the OKR device.
The fish is positioned upright with the eyes approximately 7.3cm from the edge of the drum (inset image). The fish is given time to recover from anesthesia while positioned within the cylindrical tank of water.
Fig 2.
Schematic for calculating cpd.
The head in this figure is enlarged for demonstration purposes.
Fig 3.
Injection of PBS with 0.001% Phenol Red into the Zebrafish Eye.
From left to right, just prior to the time of injection the eye is clear. Once both eyes have been injected (a period of about 3 minutes), the dye is visible in the anterior chamber. After 30 minutes the dye has been pumped to the vitreous via the normal aqueous flow dynamics of the zebrafish eye.
Fig 4.
Normalized visual acuity measurements represented as a percent of baseline after injections.
The values presented are mean percentages normalized to baseline means for each group. Control fish (n = 17) did not receive an injection and their visual acuity did not significantly (N.S.) change. The PBS group (n = 13) received an equivalent volume of PBS injected into their eyes and did not show a significant change compared to baseline post injection (PI). The group injected with zeaxanthin (n = 13) had an increased visual acuity at 1 and 3 weeks PI and then saw a return to approximate baseline acuity levels by 12 weeks. Error bars represent normalized standard errors. The dotted line identifies the normalized starting visual acuity for each group.
Table 1.
Visual acuities of the groups of fish at each time point.
Group means are presented with corresponding standard deviations of the mean. Bold values represent statistically significant improvements relative to the baseline using pairwise comparisons after a Bonferroni correction using repeated measures ANOVA. Significance was set at ɑ = 0.05. PI–post injection.