Fig 1.
ICU length of stay ≥ 5 days, classifying patients according to the type of admission (percent of patients), followed by an evaluation of individual organ dysfunction/organ failure on ICU day three. ScS, scheduled surgery; US, unscheduled surgery; M, medical; SOFA; OD, organ dysfunction (SOFA score 1–2 points); OF organ failure (SOFA score 3–4 points).
Table 1.
The departments to which the patients were admitted (%).
Table 2.
Characteristics of the patients with an ICU LOS of at least 5 days.
Table 3.
Characteristics of the patients with an ICU LOS of at least 5 days, type of admission to ICU.
Fig 2.
Number of organ failure on admission and day 3.
Number of patients with n organ failure ad admission (rectangle); Number of patients with n organ failure on day 3 (triangle); ICU Mortality (mean group ± 95% CI) in respect to number of organ failure for 23,795 cases with an ICU length of stay of at least five days.
Fig 3.
Organ failure on admission and day three of ICU treatment in the ScS-, the US- and the M-patients.
Bars depict the ICU mortality rate of each organ failure (group mean ± 95% CI). Mortality increased with an increasing number of organ failures while the same number of organ failures on day three had a higher mortality rate compared to the day of ICU admission for every type of admission. M patients had higher mortality rates than surgical admitted patients. Lines depict the number of cases with an organ failure. ScS, scheduled surgery; US, unscheduled surgery; M, medical patients; Adm, ICU Admission day; day 3, third day of ICU treatment.
Fig 4.
Prevalence of Organ dysfunction and failure per organ at admission to ICU and at day 3.
Depicted are the prevalences (mean group ± 95% CI) of organ dysfunction (SOFA score 1–2 points) and organ failure (SOFA score 3–4 points) on admission and on day 3 of ICU in respect to the type of admission in patients with an ICU LOS of at least five days. M-patients had on admission to ICU and on day 3 less heart failure (B) and less coagulation dysfunction (D), but a higher proportion of respiratory (A) and renal failure (C) than the ScS and the US patients. ScS, scheduled surgery; US, unscheduled surgery; M, medical; Adm, admission to ICU; day 3 day 3 of ICU treatment; normal, individual organ SOFA score 0 points; dysfunction, individual organ SOFA score 1–2 points; failure, individual organ SOFA score 3–4 points.
Table 4.
Multivariate, forward stepwise logistic regression analysis in patients with an ICU length of stay of at least 5 days (n = 23,795), with intensive care unit mortality as the dependent factor.
Fig 5.
Multivariate, forward stepwise logistic regression analysis with intensive care unit mortality as the dependent factor and OD/OF at day 3.
All data are adjusted to age, gender and organ dysfunction/organ failure at admission. Odds ratio is depicted in a logarithmic plotting (n = 23,795). In organ dysfunction only a significantly increased risk of death is observed in the M-patients with lung dysfunction. The highest risk of death is found in M-patients with cardiovascular or liver failure, as well as in ScS patients with liver or renal failure. In US-patients renal failure was accompanied with the highest risk of death. OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; OD, organ dysfunction; OF, organ failure; CV, cardiovascular; ScS, scheduled surgery; US, unscheduled surgery; M, medical.