Table 1.
Levels of factorial invariance
Table 2.
Characteristics of the sample included in this study and lambda 2 values for the subscales included in the Confirmatory Factor Analysis.
Table 3.
χ2 difference tests and model fit indices for the models tested for the total group (THA and TKA).
Fig 1.
Path diagram and standardized factor loadings and correlations between factors for the 5 factor model.
O1—O3 = LOT-R optimism items 1 to 3,P1—P3 = LOT-R reverse scored pessimism items 1 to 3,H1—H8 = ADHS hope items 1 to 8,C1—C3 = CEQ credibility items 1 to 3,E1—E3 = CEQ expectancy items 1 to 3 ovals represent latent factors, squares represent observed variables, factor loadings are represented by the arrows between ovals and squares and correlations between factors are represented by the arrows between the ovals.
Table 4.
Model fit indices of the multigroup models for factorial invariance testing across THA and TKA.
Table 5.
The proportion of variance explained by all factors (ωk), the proportion of variance of the total scale explained by the general factor (ωH) and the proportion of variance of the separate constructs explained by the specific factors (ωNk).