Table 1.
Demographic and clinical variables in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and in healthy controls (HC) with results of the t-tests (independent, two-tailed).
Table 2.
Subjective pain ratings following the different cyberball conditions together with results of the 2x3-rm-ANOVA.
Fig 1.
Mean beta values of the comparison between pain (vs. warmth) after social exclusion compared to inclusion a) in left insula, b) in right thalamus and c) compared to the control condition in the right amygdala independent of group.
Fig 2.
Insula and amygdala mean activation during painful compared to non-painful stimuli following social exclusion.
a) mean beta values of peak voxel activation for HC and BPD in the insula, b) insula activation during pain after social exclusion independent of group (red), and the overlap of the general pain activation and the insula activation enhanced in BPD (yellow) (threshold for display: p < 0.005 uncorrected); mean beta values of peak voxel activation within c) the right amygdala, d) the left amygdala.
Fig 3.
Mean amygdala activation during painful compared to non-painful stimuli following social inclusion.
a) mean beta values of peak voxel activation for HC and BPD, b) visualization of reduced amygdala activation in BPD compared to HC during painful compared to non-painful stimuli following social inclusion (Threshold for display: p < 0.005 uncorrected).
Fig 4.
Co-variation between rejection sensitivity and a) mean insula activation, and b) mean amygdala activation during the processing of painful stimuli following social exclusion compared to social inclusion.