Fig 1.
Map of our study landscape showing forest cover, protected areas and sampled grids.
Inset shows location of the landscape within India.
Table 1.
Description of covariates used to model variation in detectability and ψ across sites.
Table 2.
Model selection results: Covariate effects in determining detectability on 1-km-long spatial replicates, based on the Hines et al.
(2010) modeling approach. No. of sites = 205. Please see Table 1 for descriptions of covariates.
Table 3.
Model selection results: Covariate effects in determining probability of elephant occupancy in our study landscape, based on the Hines et al.
(2010) modeling approach. No. of sites = 205. Please see Table 1 for descriptions of covariates.
Table 4.
Estimated β parameter estimates for covariates determining elephant occupancy in our study landscape, from the 4 models with ΔAIC < 10.
Point estimates followed by standard error (SE) in parentheses. No. of sites = 205. Please see Table 1 for descriptions of covariates.
Fig 2.
Elephant detections (a), estimated detectability (b) and estimated ψ (c) in our study landscape.
Estimated site-specific detectabilities and ψ are based on the minimum AIC model.