Fig 1.
Schematic representation of the hypotheses formulated in this study.
(H1) an activating ambience is more effective in increasing both pleasure and arousal in elderly that are in a sad mood than a neutral ambience, and (H2) a cozy ambience is more effective in both increasing pleasure and reducing arousal in elderly that are in an anxious mood than a neutral ambience.
Fig 2.
An overview of the installed luminaires in the experimental room.
Fig 3.
An impression of the activating ambience (left) and cozy ambience (right).
Table 1.
Distribution of participants over the experimental conditions; in the ‘Session1’ and ‘Session 2’ columns the first adjective refers to the induced mood, and the second adjective to the atmosphere used; for example, "Sad—Neutral" refers to inducing a sad mood, and evaluating its reduction in a neutral ambience.
Table 2.
Schematic overview of the experimental procedure.
Table 3.
Sample sizes for the different dependent measures for each ambience group.
Fig 4.
Average pleasure and arousal scores before and after the sad movie (left) and anxious movie (right).
The different bars represent the different ambience groups. The error bars reflect the 95% CI.
Fig 5.
Average change scores with the error bars reflecting the 95% CI for pleasure (left) and arousal (right) after the sad mood induction.
The different bars represent the ambience to which the participants were exposed.
Fig 6.
Average change scores with the error bars reflecting the 95% CI for SCR (left) and HR (right) after the sad mood induction.
The different bars represent the ambience to which participants were exposed.
Fig 7.
Average change scores with the error bars reflecting the 95% CI for pleasure (left) and arousal (right) after the anxious mood induction.
The different bars represent the different ambiences in which participants were immersed.
Fig 8.
Average arousal change scores (also averaged over time), showing also the 95% CI as error bars, after the anxious mood induction for the male and female participants separately.
The different bars represent the different ambiences in which participants were immersed.
Fig 9.
Average change scores, including the 95% CI as error bars, for SCR (a) and HR (b) after the anxious mood induction.
The different bars represent the different ambiences in which participants were immersed.