Fig 1.
Flow diagram of study selection process.
Table 1.
Characteristics of included cohort studies in systematic review of gestational weight loss in obese women and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Table 2.
Quality assessment using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale of included cohort studies in systematic review of gestational weight loss in obese women and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Fig 2.
Summary of multivariable pooled odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the association between gestational weight loss and adverse pregnancy outcomes in obese women, compared to gestational weight gain within the 2009 Institute of Medicine guideline.
Fig 3.
Pooled results of the studies that reported the odds of infants being small for gestational age (<10th percentile, multivariable) for obese mothers with gestational weight loss compared to gestational weight gain within the 2009 Institute of Medicine guideline.
Table 3.
Summary of primary and secondary outcomes in systematic review of gestational weight loss in obese women and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Fig 4.
Pooled results of the studies that reported the odds of infants being large for gestational age (>90th percentile, multivariable) for obese mothers with gestational weight loss compared to gestational weight gain within the 2009 Institute of Medicine guideline.
Fig 5.
Funnel plots for effect of weight loss with SGA (<10th percentile multivariable), in a systematic review of gestational weight loss in obese women and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Fig 6.
Funnel plots for effect of weight loss with LGA (>90th percentile multivariable), in a systematic review of gestational weight loss in obese women and adverse pregnancy outcomes.