Table 1.
Variables used in honey bee model.
Table 2.
Days in bee class.
Table 3.
Survival rates.
Table 4.
Steady state bee colony caste percentage of total population T.
Table 5.
Percentages of bees in castes and total number of bees (T) according to Fukuda [29].
Table 6.
Consumption rates [grams/(bee ⋅ day)].
Fig 1.
Effect of exponent α on survival rate of larvae.
Fig 2.
Effect of mortality on bee population.
Fig 3.
Effect of ethyl oleate on bee population.
Fig 4.
Effect of brood pheromone on bee population.
Fig 5.
Effect of cannibalism on bee population.
Table 7.
Day ranges used to calculate bee demographics.
Fig 6.
Effect of time step on the accuracy of the model in predicting the number of adult bees.
Fig 7.
Achievement of steady state in the absence of seasonal effects.
Fig 8.
Transient model—200 days.
Fig 9.
Model comparison of adult bees with experimental data.
Fig 10.
Model comparison of brood with experimental data.
Fig 11.
Evolution of variables which affect larvae mortality (rα), hive bee maturation rate (ai) and foraging rate (fQ).
Fig 12.
Transient model—Three years.
Fig 13.
Sensitivity study with different levels of α.
Fig 14.
Effect of on hive population.
Fig 15.
Effect of on forager population.
Fig 16.
Effect of length of summer on adult bee population.
Fig 17.
Effect of different levels of the foraging rate p on adult bee population.
Fig 18.
Colony collapses without pheromones or cannibalism with forager rate p = .055 g/(day⋅bee).