Fig 1.
Skeletal reconstruction of Nothronychus sp. (based on Zanno et al. [2]). Blue elements indicate presence in MSM P2117 (No. mckinleyi). Red elements indicate presence in UMNH V16420 (No. graffami). Purple elements are present in both specimens of Nothronychus.
Fig 2.
Nothronychus (MSM P2117) braincase.
The braincase preserved with MSM P2117 in (A) cranial, (B) left lateral, (C) caudal, (D) right lateral, and (E) dorsal views. Scale = 50 mm.
Fig 3.
Nothronychus (MSM P2117) teeth.
(A) Distal tooth preserved with MSM P2117. (B) Distal tooth preserved with MSM P2117. Scale = 5 mm.
Fig 4.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) cervical vertebrae.
(A) Poorly preserved caudal cervical. (B) Poorly preserved caudal cervical. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 5.
Nothronychus (MSM P2117) cervical vertebrae.
Large caudal cervical in (A) left lateral view and (B) right lateral view. Small pneumatic cervical vertebra in (C) left and (D) right views. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 6.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) dorsal and caudal series.
Six representative dorsal vertebrae and eighteen representative caudal vertebrae demonstrating large scale changes along the vertebral column. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 7.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) cranial dorsal vertebra.
Dorsal vertebra preserved in (A) caudal, (B) cranial, and (C) left lateral view. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 8.
Nothronychus (MSM P2117) cranial dorsal vertebra.
Single dorsal vertebra preserved in (A) cranial, (B) caudal, and (C) left lateral view. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 9.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) middle dorsal vertebra.
Mid-dorsal vertebra preserved in (A) left lateral and (B) right lateral views. The vertebra has been plastically crushed squashing many of the cranial and caudal features to the sides of the vertebra. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 10.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) caudal dorsal vertebra.
Caudal dorsal vertebra preserved in (A) cranial, (B) caudal, and (C) left lateral views. Figure explanations of figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 11.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) sacrum and ilium.
Sacrum and ilia in (A) dorsal and (B) ventral view with ilia squashed laterally. (C) Cranial and (D) caudal views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 12.
Nothronychus (MSM P2117) middle caudal vertebra.
Single preserved middle cervical in (A) cranial, (B) caudal, (C) left lateral, and (D) ventral views. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 13.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) proximal caudal vertebra.
Proximal caudal vertebra in (A) cranial, (B) caudal, and (C) right lateral views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 14.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) middle caudal vertebra.
Middle caudal vertebra in (A) cranial, (B) caudal, and (C) right lateral views. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 15.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) distal caudal vertebra.
(A) More proximal distal caudal vertebra maintaining a large neural spine and transverse processes. Scale = 100 mm. (B) More distal distal caudal vertebrae and (C) distalmost caudal. Scale = 100 mm. Top figures are in left lateral view and bottom figures are in right lateral view.
Fig 16.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) ribs.
Large number of ribs preserved with UMNH VP16420. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 17.
Nothronychus (MSM P2117) left scapula.
Left scapula in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 18.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) scapulae.
Partial right proximal scapula and ventral coracoid in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Left lateral scapula in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 19.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) coracoid.
Partial left coracoid in (A) medial and (B) lateral view. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 20.
Nothronychus (MSM P2117) right humerus.
Complete right humerus in (A) cranial and (B) caudal views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 21.
Nothronychus (MSM P2117) left humerus.
Partial distal left humerus in (A) caudal, (B) distal, and (C) cranial views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 22.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) right humerus.
Right humerus in (A) cranial and (B) caudal views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 23.
Nothronychus (MSM P2117) antebrachial element and right ulna.
Antebrachium in multiple views (A, B, C). Right ulna in (D) cranial, (E) medial, and (F) caudal views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 24.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) ulna and radius.
Right ulna in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Right radius in (C) lateral and (D) medial views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 25.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) metacarpus.
Metacarpus in (A) cranial and (B) caudal views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 26.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) unguals.
Three unguals medial to lateral from left to right in lateral view. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 27.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) right pubis.
Right pubis in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 28.
Nothronychus (MSM P2117) right ischium.
Right ischium in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm. The (C) pubic and (D) iliac articulations shown closer. Scale = 50 mm.
Fig 29.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) ischia.
Left ischium in (A) medial and (B) lateral view. Right ischium in (C) lateral and (D) medial views. (E) Broken obturator process. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 30.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) right femur.
Right femur in (A) cranial, (B) medial, (C) caudal, and (D) lateral views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 31.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) right tibia.
Right tibia in (A) cranial, (B) caudal, (C) proximal, and (D) distal views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm for A and B. Scale = 50 mm for C and D.
Fig 32.
Nothronychus (MSM P2117) tibiae.
Right tibia in (A) cranial and (B) caudal views. Left tibia in (C) caudal and (D) cranial views. Scale = 100 mm. (E) Proximal left tibia. (F) Distal left tibia. Scale = 50 mm.
Fig 33.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) left fibula.
Left fibula in (A) lateral and (B) medial views. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 34.
Nothronychus (MSM P2117) left fibula.
Left fibula in (A) cranial, (B) medial and (C) lateral views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 35.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) right astragalus.
Right astragalus in (A) cranial and (B) caudal views. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 36.
Nothronychus (UMNH VP16420) right pes.
Right pes including metatarsals I-IV and associated phalanges articulated as in life. Figure explanations on figure. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 37.
Nothronychus (MSM P2117) pedal ungual.
Pedal ungual in side views. Digit unknown. Scale = 100 mm.
Fig 38.
The locations of the quarries producing UMNH VP16420 and MSM P2117 with US states overlaid. This is in relation to the estimated Turonian shoreline (light blue shoreline based on Sageman and Arthur [58]; dark blue shoreline based on Wolfe and Kirkland [27]). The shoreline reconstructed by Sageman and Arthur [58] is based on the early Turonian and that by Wolfe and Kirkland [27] is for the late Turonian demonstrating a regression of the Western Interior Seaway during the Turonian. This shows that during the early Turonian UMNH VP16420 was offshore.
Fig 39.
(A) The stratigraphic section of the Moreno Hill Formation in west-central New Mexico showing the relationship of the MSM P2117 Haystack Butte Quarry in relation to the other dinosaur discoveries in the area (Based on Wolfe and Kirkland [27]). (B) The stratigraphic section of the Tropic Shale showing the location of the UMNH VP16420 locality (Based on Albright et al. [28]). 1 box = 1 meter.
Fig 40.
MSM P2117 Bonebed Rose Diagram.
A rose diagram showing the orientation of all specimens preserved in the Haystack Butte Quarry with subsets of the data split by aspect ratios.