Table 1.
Subjects’ clinical characteristics.
Fig 1.
Measurement of the shoulder range of motion (ROM).
A. Goniometric active ROM measurement of flexion, abduction, and external rotation by the examiner. B. The Kinect measurement of flexion, abduction, and external rotation ROM under instruction from the examiner. The individual in this figure has given written informed consent (as outlined in PLOS consent form) to publish these case details.
Fig 2.
Measurement and calculation of the shoulder range of motions (ROMs) using the Kinect.
A. Red, green, and blue image, depth image, and converted skeleton image from the Kinect. B. Traces of body segments during each shoulder motion. The green line is the trace of the left wrist, while the pink line is the trace of the left elbow. C. Calculation of the shoulder ROM angles by the projected angles on the defined anatomical planes. The individual in this figure has given written informed consent (as outlined in PLOS consent form) to publish these case details.
Fig 3.
Bland-Altman plots of kROMs, pROMs, and aROMs.
The circles show 30 shoulders of 15 healthy controls, while the triangles show 12 affected shoulders of patients with adhesive capsulitis (42 shoulders total). Mean differences are indicated by the solid line and 95% limits of agreement (mean differences ± 1.96 standard deviation of the difference) are shown by the dashed line. The dotted line shows regression lines for proportional biases. A. Comparison between kROMs and aROMs. B. Comparison between kROMs and pROMs. C. Comparison between aROMs and pROMs. kROMs, shoulder range of motion measured with the Kinect; pROMs, passive shoulder range of motion measured with the goniometer; aROMs, active shoulder range of motion measured with the goniometer.
Fig 4.
Diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder (AC) using shoulder range of motion measured with the Kinect (kROMs).
A. Box plots for the comparison of kROMs between healthy controls (HCs) (N = 30) and AC patients (N = 12) for flexion, abduction, and external rotation, respectively. B. Receiver operating characteristic curves for the diagnosis of AC using kROMs in each direction. Areas under the curves are shown.
Table 2.
Diagnostic performance of the Kinect for adhesive capsulitis with different cutoff values.