Fig 1.
Flow chart of study protocol.
Fig 2.
Differences in median serum vitamin D levels among women with former GDM in both groups.
Boxplot with complete line = Pre-study serum vitamin D level. Boxplot with breaking line = Post-study serum vitamin D level.
Table 1.
Baseline demographics, clinical characteristics and laboratory measures of women with former GDM in both interventional and placebo groups at screening visit.
Fig 3.
Changes in median serum glucose levels throughout 2-hour OGTT at baseline and post intervention among women with former GDM in both groups.
White squares = Vitamin D group (baseline). Black squares = Vitamin D group (post intervention). White circles = Placebo group (baseline). Black circles = Placebo group (post intervention). The baseline differences of median serum glucose levels between vitamin D-supplemented group and placebo group at 0 (p = 0.817), 30 (p = 0.512), 60 (p = 0.383), 90 (p = 0.700) and 120 (p = 0.238) minutes were not statistically significant.
Fig 4.
Changes in median serum insulin levels throughout 2-hour OGTT at baseline and post intervention among women with former GDM in both groups.
White squares = Vitamin D group (baseline). Black squares = Vitamin D group (post intervention). White circles = Placebo group (baseline). Black circles = Placebo group (post intervention).The baseline differences of median serum insulin levels between vitamin D-supplemented group and placebo group at 0 (p = 0.878), 60 (p = 0.457), 90 (p = 0.489) and 120 (p = 0.112) minutes were not statistically significant.
Table 2.
Changes in vitamin D level, glucose and markers of insulin sensitivity and pancreatic beta-cell functions among women with former GDM in both interventional and placebo groups before and after intervention.
Table 3.
Changes in markers of cardio-metabolic risk among women with former GDM in both interventional and placebo groups before and after intervention.