Fig 1.
Differential cell counts in BALF.
Average total cell numbers and macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils and lymphocytes (n = 3), 24 hours after nanomaterial instillations with A) non-functionalised ZnO, B) functionalised ZnO and C) Ag NMs. The dose is the representative of μg of NM instilled per mouse. Error bars represent the standard deviation.
Table 1.
Summary of BMDs of lung BALF parameters.
Fig 2.
Dose-response relationships for thetotal protein amount in BALF.
Dose response relationships were determined for the total amount of protein in the BALF (mg/ml) using benchmark dose modelling. A) two independent administrations of non-functionalised ZnO. The similar shape of the curves allowed pooling the data and deriving a single BMD. B) functionalised ZnO and C) Ag. The large symbols represent the (geometric) mean response of the individual responses (small symbols) in each dose group. The vertical dashed lines represent BMD respectively.
Fig 3.
Images of BALF macrophages 24 hours after administration of A) 16 μg/mouse functionalised ZnO and B) 8 μg/mouse Ag.
Table 2.
Summary of benchmark doses (BMDs) of blood parameters.
Fig 4.
Dose-response relationships for glutathione depletion in the liver.
A) non-functionalised ZnO, B) functionalised ZnO and C) Ag NMs. The large symbols represent the (geometric) mean response of the individual responses (small symbols) in each dose group. The horizontal and vertical dashed lines represent the BMR and BMD respectively.
Fig 5.
Summary of benchmark dose relationships.
A) non-functionalised ZnO and B) functionalised ZnO (Log scale on the x-axis). BMDs including the confidence interval are plotted for those endpoints for which an effect was found.