Fig 1.
Map of Sampling Frame.
Table 1.
Means and Frequencies for All Variables in Included in the Study.
Fig 2.
Maps of Mental Health Outcomes.
Shading represents whether the average symptom scores for participants in each tract fell into the low, medium or high tertile of posttraumatic stress (Fig 2a) and depression (Fig 2b) for the sample.
Fig 3.
Maps of Community-Level Resources and Exposure.
Shading represents whether the value for each tract fell into the low, medium or high tertile of economic development (medium household income; Fig 3a), social capital (percentage of residents living alone, with a higher percentage conceptualized as an indicator of lower social capital; Fig 3b), disaster exposure (number of buildings affected, damaged, or destroyed; Fig 3c), and population density (Fig 3d) for the tracts in which survey participants lived prior to Hurricane Sandy.
Table 2.
Bivariate Associations between Individual- and Community-Level Factors and Posttraumatic Stress or Depression Symptoms.
Table 3.
Results of Multilevel Multivariable Regression Models Predicting Posttraumatic Stress and Depression Symptoms.
Fig 4.
Illustration of the Cross-Level Interaction between Community-Level Economic Development and Individual-Level Disaster-Related Stessors.
Economic development is indicated by median household income. The figure presents mean levels of depression computed with weighted individual-level data. N = 418.