Fig 1.
Photos of some species used in this study.
A. Inflorescence of Almeidea rubra. B. Flowers of Almeidea albiflora. C. Flower of Andreadoxa flava. D. Habit of Conchocarpus macrophyllus. E. Flower of Conchocarpus macrophyllus. F. Flower of Erythrochiton brasiliensis. G. Flower of Esenbeckia grandiflora H. Flower of Galipea jasminiflora. All by Milton Groppo except F (by Cláudio N. Fraga) and H (by Flávio A. Bonatti).
Table 1.
Characteristics of the parsimony analyses.
Fig 2.
Majority-rule consensus tree of 270 equally parsimonious trees resulting from analysis of morphological data of the Galipeinae and outgroups.
Support for branches is given by parsimony bootstrap percentages (≥ 50%). Possible morphological synapomorphies are indicated in the clades; * indicates possible homoplasy.
Fig 3.
Majority-rule consensus tree estimated using Bayesian inference resulting from an analysis of the combined data from the plastid markers (trnL-trnF region and rps16 intron) of Galipeinae and outgroups.
Support for branches is given by Bayesian posterior probabilities and parsimony bootstrap percentages (≥ 50%). When only a number appears supporting a clade it refers to Bayesian posterior probabilities.
Fig 4.
Majority-rule consensus tree estimated using Bayesian inference resulting from an analysis of the combined data from the nuclear markers (ITS-1 and ITS-2) of Galipeinae and outgroups.
Support for branches is given by Bayesian posterior probabilities and parsimony bootstrap percentages (≥ 50%). When only a number appears supporting a clade it refers to Bayesian posterior probabilities.
Fig 5.
Majority-rule consensus tree estimated using Bayesian inference resulting from an analysis of the combined data from plastid and nuclear markers (trnL-trnF, rps16, ITS-1, and ITS-2) of Galipeinae and outgroups.
Support for branches is given by Bayesian posterior probabilities and parsimony bootstrap percentages (≥ 50%). When only a number appears supporting a clade it refers to Bayesian posterior probabilities.
Fig 6.
Strict consensus tree of 3 equally parsimonious trees resulting from analysis of combined morphological and molecular data of the Galipeinae and outgroups.
Support for branches is given by parsimony bootstrap percentages (≥ 50%).
Fig 7.
History of the morphological characters 11 and 13 traced onto the majority-rule consensus tree from Bayesian analysis of the combined molecular data:
A. character 11, with photo of flower of Almeidea rubra (by M. Groppo), showing free petals; B. character 13, with photo of the flower of Almeidea albiflora (by M. Groppo), showing filaments free from the petals.
Fig 8.
History of the morphological characters 28 and 29 traced onto the majority-rule consensus tree from Bayesian analysis of the combined molecular data:
A. character 28 and B. character 29; illustration taken from [21], showing curved embryo, with conduplicate and plicate cotyledons.
Fig 9.
History of the morphological characters 7 and 33 traced onto the majority-rule consensus tree from Bayesian analysis of the combined molecular data:
A. character 7, with photo of rehydrated flower of Almeidea rubra (by Juliana El Ottra), showing the presence of glandular structure in the apex of calyx lobes; B. character 33, with photo of the pantocolporate pollen grain of Almeidea albiflora (taken from [20]).