Table 1.
Demographic and clinical information of two Parkinson’s disease sub-groups.
Fig 1.
Functional connectivity correlated with the MDS-UPDRS part I score.
The inferior orbito-frontal area in the ipsilateral hemisphere has substantial functional connectivity negatively correlated with the severity of non-motor symptoms. Other ipsilateral inferior frontal areas such as the pars triangularis and the anterior cingulate cortex also exhibit functional connectivity correlated with the severity of non-motor symptoms. (p<0.001) (Blue line: a functional connectivity negatively correlated with the MDS-UPDRS part I score; C: contralateral hemisphere & I: ipsilateral hemisphere; MDS-UPDRS: Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale)
Fig 2.
Functional connectivity correlated with the MDS-UPDRS part II score.
Limited functional connectivity is shown to correlate with the MDS-UPDRS part II score. This score positively correlates with the functional connectivity between the pars triangularis and the orbital part of the medial frontal gyrus within the ipsilateral hemisphere, and with the connectivity between ipsilateral inferior parietal lobule and contralateral middle temporal pole. The MDS-UPDRS part II has a negative correlation with the connectivity between rectal gyrus and the fusiform gyrus in the contralateral hemisphere. (p<0.001) (Blue line: a functional connectivity negatively correlated with the MDS-UPDRS part II score & red line: a functional connectivity positively correlated with the MDS-UPDRS part II score; C: contralateral hemisphere & I: ipsilateral hemisphere; MDS-UPDRS: Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale)
Fig 3.
Functional connectivity correlated with the MDS-UPDRS part III score.
The inferior parietal area in the contralateral hemisphere has substantial functional connectivity positively correlated with the severity of motor symptoms. The contralateral postcentral gyrus also exhibits functional connectivity positively correlated with the severity of motor symptoms. Connectivity between the pars triangularis and the orbital part of the medial frontal gyrus is also positively correlated with the MDS-UPDRS part III score, whereas the connectivity of bilateral rectus gyri is negatively correlated with this score. (p<0.001) (Blue line: a functional connectivity negatively correlated with the MDS-UPDRS part III score & red line: a functional connectivity positively correlated with the MDS-UPDRS part III score; C: contralateral hemisphere & I: ipsilateral hemisphere; MDS-UPDRS: Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale)
Fig 4.
Functional connectivity correlated with the S&E ADL score.
The functional connectivity between the Rolandic operculum and the insula in the ipsilateral hemisphere and between the Rolandic operculum and the superior temporal gyrus in the contralateral hemisphere are positively correlated with the S&E ADL score. (p<0.001) (Red line: a functional connectivity positively correlated with the S&E ADL score; C: contralateral hemisphere & I: ipsilateral hemisphere; S&E ADL: Schwab and England activities of daily living).