Table 1.
Baseline demographic and physiological data.
Table 2.
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing data and LAA scores at study entry.
Fig 1.
Association between aerobic capacity and emphysematous changes.
The aerobic capacity at peak exercise (peak o2) was inversely correlated with total LAA scores (p<0.0001, r = -0.485).
Fig 2.
Relationship between CO2 production and emphysematous changes.
The CO2 production at the peak exercise (peak co2) was inversely correlated with the total LAA scores (p<0.0001, r = -0.433).
Fig 3.
Association between the dead space and emphysema.
The total LAA scores were positively correlated with the estimated dead space fractions (d/
t) (p<0.001, r = 0.416).
Fig 4.
Association between emphysematous changes and oxygen desaturation during exercise.
The oxygen saturation (SpO2) at the peak exercise was inversely correlated with total LAA scores (p<0.0001, r = -0.634).
Table 3.
Correlation coefficients between cardiopulmonary exercise testing data and other clinical parameters at study entry.
Fig 5.
Relationship between the decline in aerobic capacity and progression of emphysema.
The mean annual changes in peak o2 (Δp
o2) were significantly correlated with those in the total LAA scores (ΔLAA) (p<0.0001, r = -0.546).
Fig 6.
Association between the decline in CO2 production and development of emphysema.
There was a significant correlation between the mean annual changes in peak co2 (Δp
co2) and those in the total LAA scores (ΔLAA) (p<0.0001, r = -0.488).
Fig 7.
Relationship between the decline in aerobic capacity and the increase in dead space.
The mean annual changes in peak o2 (Δp
o2) were significantly correlated with those in the dead space fractions (Δ
d/
t) (p<0.0001, r = -0.603).
Fig 8.
Association between the decline in CO2 production and the increase in dead space.
The mean annual changes in peak co2 (Δp
co2) were significantly correlated with those in the dead space fractions (Δ
d/
t) (p<0.0001, r = -0.589).