Fig 1.
Light-emitting diode markers attached at the following sites: acromion, anterior superior iliac spine, fibular head, lateral malleolus of the ankle joint and the fifth metatarsal head. Walking assessed on a treadmill, and a digital camera recorded the walking motion.
Fig 2.
The angle of each joint is defined in the schema.
Fig 3.
The waveform of the hip joint during normal gait.
Fig 4.
The waveform of the knee joint during normal gait.
Fig 5.
The hip joint waveform of a representative case for each group.
a) control group: solid line, b) L4 group: dotted line, c) hip group: perforated line.
Fig 6.
The knee joint waveform of a representative case for each group.
a) control group: solid line, b) L4 group: dotted line, c) hip group: perforated line.