Fig 1.
Of the 110 confirmed MenC cases, 88 (80%) were admitted to the public infectious diseases reference hospital (Couto Maia Hospital). Clinical presentations included meningococcemia (n = 43; 39%), meningitis (n = 32; 29%), and both meningococcemia and meningitis (n = 35; 32%) (Table 1). Reported symptoms included fever in all cases; headache, vomiting and other signs and symptoms of meningococcal infection were common. Diarrhea was reported in 11 (10%) of 110 cases. A total of 19 cases (17%) were admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). Overall case-fatality was 25% (27 patients), including patients admitted to ICU and who died prior to ICU admission. Patients who died ranged in age from 0 to 68 years (median, 25 years). In addition, 11 (10%) patients recovered with neurologic sequella (motor deficit [n = 4], bilateral hearing loss [n = 2], visual impairment [n = 2] and lower limb amputation [n = 3]) (Table 1).
Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of laboratory-confirmed cases of invasive meningococcal serogroup C disease, identified between 01/01/2010 and 31/12/2010 in Salvador, Brazil.
Table 2.
Characteristics of case patients with laboratory-confirmed serogroup C meningococcal disease and age-matched residents of affected neighborhoods included in case-control study, Salvador, Brazil, 2010.
Table 3.
MenC vaccination status among control individuals before and after public MenC vaccination, according to age group and MenC vaccine provider.
Table 4.
MenC conjugate vaccine effectiveness and coverage among case and control subjects.
Table 5.
Reported reasons for non-vaccination among case patients with illness onset after public MenC vaccination and matched individuals from affected neighborhoods.