Table 1.
Minimum concentrations of CPAs required to undergo vitrification with the OPS, cryotop and cryoloop methods.
Table 2.
VSs of PG and glycerol are synthesized with EG and methanol at different concentrations.
Table 3.
Glass forming properties of PG and glycerol VSs during cooling and warming by cryoloop, cryotop and OPS methods.
Table 4.
Glass forming properties of PG and glycerol VSs with 400μg/ml of AFP during cooling in the liquid nitrogen and warming in the original solution by cryoloop, cryotop and OPS methods.
Fig 1.
The effects of PG-based ES1 (a), ES2 (b) and VS2 (c) on Junceella juncea oocytes at 5 and 26°C for different time periods.
Oocyte ATP levels were normalized to that of the control. Error bars represent standard errors. Different letters represent significant differences between temperature and exposure time period for oocytes treated with the same solutions (P < 0.05).
Fig 2.
Normalized ATP concentrations of Junceella juncea oocytes after vitrification in PG-based VS2 for 2 min.
Error bars represent standard errors. The bars with different letters are significantly different (P < 0.05). Trial 1: PG-based ES1 for 15mins, PG-based ES2 for 10mins; Trial 2: PG-based ES1 for 15 mins, PG-based ES2 for 5 mins; Trial 3: PG-based ES1 for 10mins, PG-based ES2 for 10mins; Trial 4: PG-based ES1 for 10mins, PG-based ES2 for 5mins.
Fig 3.
Biological and morphological characteristics of Junceella juncea oocytes observed using light microscopy.
Scale bar = 300μm.
Fig 4.
Flow chart of the experimental procedures.
Fig 5.
Vitrification devices used in present study: (a) Cryoloop, the oocytes were loaded on the loop area (arrows).
(b) Cryotop, the oocytes were kept on the top of cryotop sheet (arrows). The black dot on the tip of the sheet is for ensuring the position of the oocytes when under liquid nitrogen. (c) OPS, the oocytes were aspirated in the straw by pipette tip.