Fig 1.
Map of the Iberian Peninsula with Andalusia region.
The study provinces of Huelva and Granada are showed in dark color. Locations where blood samples were collected are indicated by white dots and the capital cities of the two provinces are denoted with a white square.
Fig 2.
Frequency distributions of the most common Spanish first surnames.
Values in the Andalusian sample were compared with those observed in Spain and in the weighted average*of Huelva and Granada provinces (census 2010). *based on current population sizes.
Fig 3.
First surname occurrences versus abundances distribution in the Andalusian sample.
The corresponding expected power law distribution (dashed line) is plotted.
Table 1.
Observed surnames in the Andalusian sample.
Fig 4.
Cumulative random isonymy Ii values for surnames with frequencies ≥ xi versus surname frequencies xi (*1000). (a) Cumulative random isonymy in the Andalusian sample.
For comparisons, random isonymy values based on the most common surnames in the population of Spain (100) and Huelva and Granada provinces (50). (b) Regression analyses for cumulative random isonymy data tails in the populations above indicated have been fitted.
Fig 5.
Ranked distributions of Y-chromosome haplogroups and first surnames observed in the Andalusian sample.
Fig 6.
Y-chromosome haplogroup composition in surnames with more than one occurrence in the Andalusian sample.
The ten most common surnames and the surname classes with two or three occurrences were represented. For each surname and classes, gene diversity based on haplogroups, h and haplotypes, H and number of individuals are provided.
Table 2.
Occurrences-Abundances of Y-STR haplotypes and number of first surname—haplotype (Ht) coincidences in the Andalusian sample.
Table 3.
First surname-haplotype coincidences within specific haplogroups in the Andalusian sample.