Fig 1.
Stage 4 (13 dpo), craniofacial development of Naja h. haje.
A) right lateral view; B) anterior view; C) dorsal view. Scale bars: 1mm.
Fig 2.
Stage 5 (17 dpo), craniofacial development of Naja h. haje.
A) right lateral view; B) detail of circumorbital region; C) detail of quadrate and jaw joint; D) anterior view; E) dorsal view. Scale bars: 1mm.
Fig 3.
Stage 6a (22 dpo), craniofacial development of Naja h. haje.
A) right lateral view; B) oblique left ventrolateral view; C) dorsal view; D) detail of quadrate and jaw joint. Scale bars: 1mm.
Fig 4.
Stage 6b (24 dpo), craniofacial development of Naja h. haje.
A) right lateral view; B) detail of right quadrate and otic capsule; C) ventral view; D) dorsal view. Scale bars: 1mm.
Fig 5.
Stage 7a (33 dpo), craniofacial development of Naja h. haje.
A) right lateral view; B) dorsal view; C) detail of occipital region; D) left ventrolateral view; E) ventral view; F) detail of left otic capsule and quadrate; G) detail of maxilla and mandibles; H) detail of anteroventral region. Scale bars: 1mm.
Fig 6.
Stage 7b (38 dpo), craniofacial development of Naja h. haje.
A) right lateral view; B) detail of right otic capsule and quadrate; C) detail of right rostrum and orbit; D) ventral view; E) dorsal view. Scale bars: 1mm.
Fig 7.
Stage 8 (42 dpo) (A-D) and Stage 9 (47dpo) (E-G), craniofacial development of Naja h. haje.
A) right lateral view (42 dpo); B) right ventrolateral view (42 dpo); C) dorsal view (42 dpo); D) detail of left jaw joint and otic capsule (42 dpo); E) right lateral view (47 dpo); F) ventral view (47 dpo); G) dorsal view (47 dpo). Scale bars: 1mm.
Fig 8.
Stage 10a, b (53 dpo) (A-C) and Stage 10c (pre-hatchling) (D-F), craniofacial development of Naja h. haje.
A) right lateral view (53 dpo); B) left ventrolateral view (53 dpo); C) dorsal view (53 dpo); D) right lateral view (pre-hatchling); E) dorsal view (pre-hatchling); F) detail of occipital region (pre-hatchling). Scale bars: 1mm.
Table 1.
Summary of a comparison between craniofacial development of Naja h. haje (this study) and N. kaouthia [8], Python sebae [9]: DPO, days post-oviposition; DG, days of growth.
Table 2.
Continued comparison between craniofacial development of Naja h. haje (this study) and Elaphe obsoleta [29], Acrochordus granulatus [18], Boaedon fulinginosus [10], Nerodia taxispilota [30], Psammophis sibilans [7], and Natrix tesselata [31], Bothropoides jararaca [11].
Fig 9.
Craniofacial development of Naja h. haje, changes in head proportions and the venom gland through development.
A) 17 dpo; B) 22 dpo; C) 24 dpo; D) 33 dpo; E) 38 dpo; F) 42 dpo; G) 47 dpo; H) 53 dpo; I) Pre-hatching. Scale bars: 1mm.
Fig 10.
Craniofacial development of Naja h. haje, development of the occipital region.
A) 17 dpo; B) 22 dpo; C) 24 dpo; D) 33 dpo; E) 38 dpo; F) 42 dpo; G) 47 dpo; H) 53 dpo; I) Pre-hatching. Note that the red bar that appears to run horizontally across the developing supraoccipital in D is actually an ossification in the basal plate further ventrally. Scale bars: 1mm.