Fig 1.
Tick species and sample collection map.
(a) In the Menglian district, tick pools NY-11 and NY-13 were collected from Nayun, while MM-13 was collected from Mengma (b) A tick representing the Rhipicephalus genus from this region.Ticks were collected by the Menglian Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China) using a standard dragging method.
Fig 2.
Taxonomic classification overview of metagenomic sequences from the three tick viromes.
(a) Classified by viral host. Breakdown of the viral sequences into seven categories: vertebrate-human-invertebrate, vertebrate-human, vertebrates, invertebrates, plants, algae, and protozoa viruses. (b) Classified by viral family. Viral metagenomic sequences were compared with the viral protein database in GenBank. Comparisons were performed with the BLASTx algorithm using an E-value cutoff 1e-04. The MEGAN5 program (http://ab.inf.uni-tuebingen.de/software/megan5/) was used for acceptance of the output of a BLAST enquiry based on the lowest-common-ancestor algorithm taxonomy analysis.
Table 1.
De novo assembly of three tick viromes.
Table 2.
Large contigs with significant BLASTx similarities to known viruses in three Rhipicephalus spp. tick samples.
Fig 3.
Phylogenetic analysis of nairovirus-related sequences from ticks.
(a) Schematic representation of the S segment encoded nucleoprotein (∼480 amino acids) of Nairovirus. The orange and green bars represent the contig sequences from NY-11 and NY-13. (b) Phylogenetic analysis of the selected contigs related to Nairovirus is based on alignments with 480 amino acids of the nucleoprotein. All five Bunyaviridae genera are indicated on the right of the tree. NP denotes nucleoprotein.
Fig 4.
Phylogenetic analysis of tick thetatorquevirus-related sequences.
(a) Schematic representation of three ORFs for Thetatorquevirus. The orange bar represents the contig sequence from NY-11. (b) Phylogenetic analysis of the selected contig related to Thetatorquevirus is based on an alignment with the predicted 440 amino acid sequence of ORF1. Thetatorquevirus and three other genera from the Anelloviridae family are indicated on the right of the tree.
Fig 5.
Phylogenetic analysis of tick rhabdovirus-related sequences.
(a) Schematic representation of the large polymerase protein of rhabdovirus. The green bar represents the contig sequence from NY-13. (b) Phylogenetic analysis of the selected contig related to rhabdovirus is based on an alignment with an 889 amino acid sequence from the large polymerase protein region of rhabdovirus. All nine Rhabdoviridae genera are indicated on the right of the tree.