Fig 1.
CONSORT Flow diagram of participants in the glucosamine and chondroitin (G&C) randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
Table 1.
Characteristics of participants randomized in the crossover trial of glucosamine and chondroitin at baseline (n = 18).
Table 2.
Inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarker concentrations after placebo and glucosamine and chondroitin intervention.
Table 3.
Significantly different pathways comparing glucosamine and chondroitin supplementation to placebo via gene-set enrichment analysis in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) databases (n = 18).
Table 4.
Top 100 (of 508) individual protein antibodies significantly different after glucosamine and chondroitin supplementation versus placebo intervention periods (n = 18).